Numeri 13:17 (Numbers 13:17)

Posted on May 10, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Nm 13:17 hæc sunt nomina virorum, quos misit Moyses ad considerandam Terram: vocavitque Osee filium Nun, Iosue.

These are the names of the men whom Moyses sent to examine the Land; and he called Osee the son of Nun, Josue.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 hæc these NOM.PL.N DEM
2 sunt are 3PL.PRES.ACT.IND
3 nomina names NOM.PL.N
4 virorum of the men GEN.PL.M
5 quos whom ACC.PL.M REL
6 misit sent 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND
7 Moyses Moses NOM.SG.M
8 ad to PREP+ACC
9 considerandam to be examined ACC.SG.F GERUNDV
10 Terram the Land ACC.SG.F
11 vocavitque and called 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND
12 Osee Hoshea ACC.SG.M
13 filium son ACC.SG.M
14 Nun Nun GEN.SG.INDECL
15 Iosue Joshua ACC.SG.M

Syntax

Main Clause: hæc sunt nomina forms the statement, with hæc as subject and nomina as predicate nominative.

Phrase: virorum is a genitive modifying nomina.

Relative Clause: quos misit Moyses describes the men.

Purpose Phrase: ad considerandam Terram expresses purpose, “to examine the land.”

Second Clause: vocavitque Osee filium Nun Iosue introduces a renaming action.

Clause Function: The sentence identifies the list and adds a significant naming event.

Morphology

  1. hæc — Lemma: hic; Part of Speech: demonstrative pronoun; Form: nominative plural neuter; Function: subject; Translation: these; Notes: Refers to the list that follows.
  2. sunt — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present active indicative third person plural; Function: copulative verb; Translation: are; Notes: Links subject and predicate.
  3. nomina — Lemma: nomen; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative plural neuter third declension; Function: predicate nominative; Translation: names; Notes: Identifies what “these” are.
  4. virorum — Lemma: vir; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive plural masculine third declension; Function: dependent genitive; Translation: of the men; Notes: Specifies possession.
  5. quos — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: object of misit; Translation: whom; Notes: Refers to viros.
  6. misit — Lemma: mitto; Part of Speech: verb; Form: perfect active indicative third person singular; Function: verb of relative clause; Translation: sent; Notes: Completed action by Moyses.
  7. Moyses — Lemma: Moyses; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: nominative singular masculine third declension; Function: subject of misit; Translation: Moyses; Notes: Agent of sending.
  8. ad — Lemma: ad; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: introduces purpose; Translation: to; Notes: Marks purpose construction.
  9. considerandam — Lemma: considero; Part of Speech: gerundive; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: modifies Terram; Translation: to be examined; Notes: Expresses necessity or purpose.
  10. Terram — Lemma: terra; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular feminine first declension; Function: object of purpose phrase; Translation: the Land; Notes: Object of exploration.
  11. vocavitque — Lemma: voco; Part of Speech: verb; Form: perfect active indicative third person singular with enclitic conjunction; Function: main verb of second clause; Translation: and called; Notes: Introduces renaming.
  12. Osee — Lemma: Osee; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: direct object of vocavit; Translation: Osee; Notes: Original name of Josue.
  13. filium — Lemma: filius; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular masculine second declension; Function: in apposition; Translation: son; Notes: Indicates lineage.
  14. Nun — Lemma: Nun; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: genitive singular indeclinable; Function: dependent genitive; Translation: of Nun; Notes: Identifies the father.
  15. Iosue — Lemma: Iosue; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: predicate accusative; Translation: Josue; Notes: New name given to Osee.

 

Numeri 13:17 (Numbers 13:17) = Numeri 13:16 (Numbers 13:16)

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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