Numeri 14:35 (Numbers 14:35)

Posted on May 11, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Nm 14:35 quoniam sicut locutus sum, ita faciam omni multitudini huic pessimæ, quæ consurrexit adversum me: in solitudine hac deficiet, et morietur.

because as I have spoken, so I will do to all this most wicked multitude, which has risen up against me: in this wilderness it shall fail, and it shall die.’”

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 quoniam because CONJ
2 sicut as CONJ
3 locutus having spoken PTCP.NOM.SG.M.PERF.DEP
4 sum I am 1SG.PRES.ACT.IND
5 ita so ADV
6 faciam I will do 1SG.FUT.ACT.IND
7 omni to all DAT.SG.F
8 multitudini multitude DAT.SG.F
9 huic this DEM.DAT.SG.F
10 pessimæ most wicked ADJ.DAT.SG.F.SUPER
11 quæ which REL.NOM.SG.F
12 consurrexit has risen up 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND
13 adversum against PREP+ACC
14 me me ACC.SG.1P.PERS
15 in in PREP+ABL
16 solitudine wilderness ABL.SG.F
17 hac this DEM.ABL.SG.F
18 deficiet it shall fail 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND
19 et and CONJ
20 morietur it shall die 3SG.FUT.DEP.IND

Syntax

Causal Clause: quoniam sicut locutus sum introduces the reason, with locutus sum forming a perfect deponent expression and sicut establishing comparison.

Main Clause: ita faciam provides the corresponding action, forming a correlative pair with sicut.

Indirect Object Phrase: omni multitudini huic pessimæ specifies the recipient, with all modifiers agreeing in case, number, and gender.

Relative Clause: quæ consurrexit adversum me describes the multitude, with consurrexit as the verb and adversum me indicating opposition.

Prepositional Phrase: in solitudine hac indicates location.

Coordinated Verbs: deficiet and morietur express the outcomes, joined by et.

Morphology

  1. quoniam — Lemma: quoniam; Part of Speech: Conjunction; Form: Indeclinable; Function: Introduces causal clause; Translation: because; Notes: Provides explanation for the following statement.
  2. sicut — Lemma: sicut; Part of Speech: Conjunction; Form: Indeclinable; Function: Introduces comparison; Translation: as; Notes: Forms correlative pair with ita.
  3. locutus — Lemma: loquor; Part of Speech: Verb participle; Form: Perfect deponent participle nominative masculine singular; Function: Part of periphrastic perfect with sum; Translation: having spoken; Notes: Deponent verb with active meaning.
  4. sum — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: Verb; Form: First person singular present active indicative; Function: Auxiliary verb; Translation: I am; Notes: Forms perfect tense with locutus.
  5. ita — Lemma: ita; Part of Speech: Adverb; Form: Indeclinable; Function: Correlative adverb; Translation: so; Notes: Corresponds to sicut.
  6. faciam — Lemma: facio; Part of Speech: Verb; Form: First person singular future active indicative; Function: Main verb; Translation: I will do; Notes: Expresses future divine action.
  7. omni — Lemma: omnis; Part of Speech: Adjective; Form: Dative feminine singular; Function: Modifies multitudini; Translation: to all; Notes: Agrees with multitudini.
  8. multitudini — Lemma: multitudo; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Dative feminine singular, third declension; Function: Indirect object; Translation: multitude; Notes: Collective noun referring to the group.
  9. huic — Lemma: hic; Part of Speech: Demonstrative pronoun; Form: Dative feminine singular; Function: Modifies multitudini; Translation: this; Notes: Points to a specific group.
  10. pessimæ — Lemma: malus; Part of Speech: Adjective; Form: Dative feminine singular superlative; Function: Modifies multitudini; Translation: most wicked; Notes: Strong evaluative descriptor.
  11. quæ — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: Relative pronoun; Form: Nominative feminine singular; Function: Subject of relative clause; Translation: which; Notes: Refers to multitudini.
  12. consurrexit — Lemma: consurgo; Part of Speech: Verb; Form: Third person singular perfect active indicative, third conjugation; Function: Verb of relative clause; Translation: has risen up; Notes: Indicates rebellion or opposition.
  13. adversum — Lemma: adversum; Part of Speech: Preposition; Form: Preposition governing accusative; Function: Introduces object of opposition; Translation: against; Notes: Emphasizes hostility.
  14. me — Lemma: ego; Part of Speech: Personal pronoun; Form: Accusative singular first person; Function: Object of adversum; Translation: me; Notes: Refers to the speaker.
  15. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: Preposition; Form: Preposition governing ablative; Function: Introduces location; Translation: in; Notes: Indicates place of action.
  16. solitudine — Lemma: solitudo; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Ablative feminine singular, third declension; Function: Object of in; Translation: wilderness; Notes: Refers to a desolate region.
  17. hac — Lemma: hic; Part of Speech: Demonstrative pronoun; Form: Ablative feminine singular; Function: Modifies solitudine; Translation: this; Notes: Specifies the location.
  18. deficiet — Lemma: deficio; Part of Speech: Verb; Form: Third person singular future active indicative, third conjugation; Function: Verb; Translation: it shall fail; Notes: Indicates collapse or perishing.
  19. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: Conjunction; Form: Coordinating conjunction; Function: Links verbs; Translation: and; Notes: Connects outcomes.
  20. morietur — Lemma: morior; Part of Speech: Verb; Form: Third person singular future deponent indicative; Function: Verb; Translation: it shall die; Notes: Deponent verb with active meaning.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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