Numeri 16:7 (Numbers 16:7)

Posted on May 13, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Nm 16:7 et hausto cras igne, ponite desuper thymiama coram Domino: et quemcumque elegerit, ipse erit sanctus: multum erigimini filii Levi.

and having taken fire tomorrow, place incense upon them before the LORD; and whomever he will have chosen, he himself shall be holy; you exalt yourselves too much, sons of Levi.”

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 et and CONJ
2 hausto having taken PTCP ABL.SG.M
3 cras tomorrow ADV
4 igne fire NOUN ABL.SG.M
5 ponite place 2PL.PRES.ACT.IMP.MOOD
6 desuper upon ADV
7 thymiama incense NOUN ACC.SG.N
8 coram before PREP+ABL
9 Domino LORD NOUN ABL.SG.M
10 et and CONJ
11 quemcumque whomever PRON REL ACC.SG.M
12 elegerit he will have chosen 3SG.FUTP.ACT.IND
13 ipse he himself PRON DEM NOM.SG.M
14 erit will be 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND
15 sanctus holy ADJ NOM.SG.M
16 multum much ADV
17 erigimini you raise yourselves 2PL.PRES.PASS.IND
18 filii sons NOUN VOC.PL.M
19 Levi Levi NOUN GEN.SG.M

Syntax

Coordinated Clause: et hausto igne — ablative absolute expressing prior action (“and when fire has been taken”)

Temporal Modifier: cras — indicates timing (“tomorrow”)

Main Clause (Imperative): ponite — command to the group

Object: thymiama — what is to be placed

Adverbial Modifier: desuper — indicates position (“upon”)

Prepositional Phrase: coram Domino — location in presence of the LORD

Relative Clause: quemcumque elegerit — identifies the selected individual

Main Clause: ipse erit sanctus — result or declaration

Final Clause: multum erigimini — rebuke expressed

Vocative Phrase: filii Levi — direct address

Morphology

  1. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: coordinating conjunction; Function: links clauses; Translation: and; Notes: continues instruction sequence.
  2. hausto — Lemma: haurio; Part of Speech: participle; Form: perfect passive participle ablative singular masculine; Function: part of ablative absolute; Translation: having been taken; Notes: indicates completed prior action.
  3. cras — Lemma: cras; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: temporal modifier; Translation: tomorrow; Notes: sets future timeframe.
  4. igne — Lemma: ignis; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular masculine; Function: part of ablative absolute; Translation: fire; Notes: instrumental or material sense.
  5. ponite — Lemma: pono; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present tense active voice imperative mood second person plural; Function: main verb; Translation: place; Notes: command directed to group.
  6. desuper — Lemma: desuper; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: modifies verb; Translation: upon; Notes: indicates position from above.
  7. thymiama — Lemma: thymiama; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: direct object; Translation: incense; Notes: ritual offering substance.
  8. coram — Lemma: coram; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: takes ablative; Function: introduces location; Translation: before; Notes: indicates presence before someone.
  9. Domino — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular masculine; Function: object of preposition; Translation: LORD; Notes: refers to YHWH.
  10. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: coordinating conjunction; Function: links clauses; Translation: and; Notes: continues statement.
  11. quemcumque — Lemma: quisquis; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: object of elegerit; Translation: whomever; Notes: generalizing relative pronoun.
  12. elegerit — Lemma: eligo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: future perfect tense active voice indicative mood third person singular; Function: verb of relative clause; Translation: he will have chosen; Notes: action completed before future result.
  13. ipse — Lemma: ipse; Part of Speech: demonstrative pronoun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject; Translation: he himself; Notes: emphasizes identity.
  14. erit — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: future tense active voice indicative mood third person singular; Function: main verb; Translation: will be; Notes: expresses future state.
  15. sanctus — Lemma: sanctus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: predicate adjective; Translation: holy; Notes: denotes consecrated status.
  16. multum — Lemma: multum; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: modifies verb; Translation: too much; Notes: expresses excess.
  17. erigimini — Lemma: erigo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present tense passive voice indicative mood second person plural; Function: main verb; Translation: you raise yourselves; Notes: passive form used reflexively.
  18. filii — Lemma: filius; Part of Speech: noun; Form: vocative plural masculine; Function: direct address; Translation: sons; Notes: identifies group being addressed.
  19. Levi — Lemma: Levi; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: dependent genitive; Translation: of Levi; Notes: specifies tribal identity.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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