Numeri 26:41 (Numbers 26:41)

Posted on May 23, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Nm 26:41 hi sunt filii Beniamin per cognationes suas, quorum numerus fuit quadragintaquinque millia sexcenti.

These are the sons of Benjamin according to their clans, whose number was forty-five thousand six hundred.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 hi these NOM.PL.M.DEM
2 sunt are 3PL.PRES.ACT.IND
3 filii sons NOM.PL.M
4 Beniamin Benjamin INDECL.NOUN
5 per according to PREP+ACC
6 cognationes clans ACC.PL.F
7 suas their ACC.PL.F.POSS
8 quorum whose GEN.PL.M.REL
9 numerus number NOM.SG.M
10 fuit was 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND
11 quadragintaquinque forty-five INDECL.NUM
12 millia thousand NOM.PL.N
13 sexcenti six hundred NOM.PL.M.NUM

Syntax

Main Clause: hi sunt filii Beniamin per cognationes suas concludes the genealogical listing of the clan divisions of Benjamin.

Subject: hi filii functions as the subject of sunt.

Dependent Identifier: Beniamin identifies the tribe to which the descendants belong.

Prepositional Phrase: per cognationes suas indicates organization according to clan divisions.

Relative Clause: quorum numerus fuit provides the census total for the descendants just listed.

Subject of Relative Clause: numerus functions as the subject of fuit.

Numerical Predicate: quadragintaquinque millia sexcenti states the total population counted for the tribe of Benjamin.

Morphology

  1. hi — Lemma: hic; Part of Speech: demonstrative pronoun; Form: nominative plural masculine; Function: modifies filii; Translation: “these”; Notes: points to the descendants just enumerated.
  2. sunt — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person plural present active indicative; Function: copulative verb; Translation: “are”; Notes: links the subject with its identification.
  3. filii — Lemma: filius; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative plural masculine, 2nd declension; Function: subject of sunt; Translation: “sons”; Notes: refers to the descendants of Benjamin.
  4. Beniamin — Lemma: Beniamin; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: indeclinable singular; Function: dependent identifier modifying filii; Translation: “Benjamin”; Notes: youngest son of Iacob and ancestor of the tribe.
  5. per — Lemma: per; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: introduces classification phrase; Translation: “according to”; Notes: indicates arrangement by clans.
  6. cognationes — Lemma: cognatio; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural feminine, 3rd declension; Function: object of per; Translation: “clans”; Notes: refers to family divisions within the tribe.
  7. suas — Lemma: suus; Part of Speech: possessive adjective; Form: accusative plural feminine; Function: modifies cognationes; Translation: “their”; Notes: refers to the descendants of Benjamin.
  8. quorum — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: genitive plural masculine; Function: links the relative clause to filii; Translation: “whose”; Notes: refers back to the descendants listed.
  9. numerus — Lemma: numerus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine, 2nd declension; Function: subject of fuit; Translation: “number”; Notes: refers to the census total.
  10. fuit — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular perfect active indicative; Function: main verb of the relative clause; Translation: “was”; Notes: states the completed census result.
  11. quadragintaquinque — Lemma: quadragintaquinque; Part of Speech: numeral; Form: indeclinable cardinal numeral; Function: part of numerical predicate; Translation: “forty-five”; Notes: expresses the principal number of thousands counted.
  12. millia — Lemma: mille; Part of Speech: numeral noun; Form: nominative plural neuter; Function: part of numerical predicate; Translation: “thousand”; Notes: denotes groups of one thousand.
  13. sexcenti — Lemma: sexcenti; Part of Speech: numeral; Form: nominative plural masculine; Function: completes the numerical predicate; Translation: “six hundred”; Notes: completes the total of 45,600.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
This entry was posted in Numeri. Bookmark the permalink.

Comments are closed.