Numeri 28:24 (Numbers 28:24)

Posted on May 25, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Nm 28:24 Ita facietis per singulos dies septem dierum in fomitem ignis, et in odorem suavissimum Domino, qui surget de holocausto, et de libationibus singulorum.

Thus you shall do on each day of the seven days, as fuel for the fire and as a most pleasing odor to the LORD, which shall ascend from the burnt offering and from the drink offerings of each sacrifice.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Ita thus ADV
2 facietis you-shall-do 2PL.FUT.ACT.IND
3 per throughout PREP+ACC
4 singulos each ACC.PL.M
5 dies days ACC.PL.M
6 septem seven INDECL
7 dierum of-days GEN.PL.M
8 in as PREP+ACC
9 fomitem fuel ACC.SG.M
10 ignis of-fire GEN.SG.M
11 et and CONJ
12 in as PREP+ACC
13 odorem odor ACC.SG.M
14 suavissimum most-pleasing ACC.SG.M.SUPER
15 Domino to-the-LORD DAT.SG.M
16 qui which REL.NOM.SG.M
17 surget shall-arise 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND
18 de from PREP+ABL
19 holocausto burnt-offering ABL.SG.N
20 et and CONJ
21 de from PREP+ABL
22 libationibus drink-offerings ABL.PL.F
23 singulorum of-each GEN.PL.M

Syntax

Main Clause: Ita facietis — command directing the people to perform the prescribed sacrifices in the stated manner.

Temporal Phrase: per singulos dies septem dierum — indicates that the action is to be repeated on each day throughout the seven-day period.

Purpose/Result Phrases: in fomitem ignis and in odorem suavissimum Domino — describe the sacrifice as fuel for the altar fire and as a most pleasing aroma to the LORD.

Relative Clause: qui surget de holocausto et de libationibus singulorum — modifies odorem suavissimum, explaining that the pleasing aroma arises from the burnt offering and the drink offerings.

Prepositional Phrases: de holocausto and de libationibus singulorum — identify the source from which the aroma ascends.

Morphology

  1. Ita — Lemma: ita; Part of Speech: Adverb; Form: Indeclinable; Function: Modifies facietis; Translation: “thus”; Notes: Refers back to the sacrificial pattern already described.
  2. facietis — Lemma: facio; Part of Speech: Verb; Form: Future active indicative, 2nd person plural; Function: Main verb; Translation: “you shall do”; Notes: Addresses the covenant community collectively.
  3. per — Lemma: per; Part of Speech: Preposition; Form: Governing the accusative; Function: Expresses duration; Translation: “throughout”; Notes: Indicates repetition across a period of time.
  4. singulos — Lemma: singulus; Part of Speech: Adjective; Form: Accusative plural masculine; Function: Modifies dies; Translation: “each”; Notes: Stresses day-by-day observance.
  5. dies — Lemma: dies; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Accusative plural masculine, 5th Declension; Function: Object of per; Translation: “days”; Notes: Refers to the days of the feast.
  6. septem — Lemma: septem; Part of Speech: Numeral; Form: Indeclinable cardinal numeral; Function: Modifies dierum; Translation: “seven”; Notes: Specifies the duration of the festival.
  7. dierum — Lemma: dies; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Genitive plural masculine, 5th Declension; Function: Partitive genitive; Translation: “of days”; Notes: Completes the expression “seven days.”
  8. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: Preposition; Form: Governing the accusative; Function: Expresses purpose or result; Translation: “as”; Notes: Introduces the sacrificial function.
  9. fomitem — Lemma: fomes; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Accusative singular masculine, 3rd Declension; Function: Object of in; Translation: “fuel”; Notes: Refers to material consumed by the altar fire.
  10. ignis — Lemma: ignis; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Genitive singular masculine, 3rd Declension; Function: Genitive modifying fomitem; Translation: “of fire”; Notes: Specifies the fire of the altar.
  11. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: Conjunction; Form: Indeclinable; Function: Connects parallel purpose phrases; Translation: “and”; Notes: Joins two descriptions of the offering.
  12. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: Preposition; Form: Governing the accusative; Function: Expresses result; Translation: “as”; Notes: Introduces the aroma description.
  13. odorem — Lemma: odor; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Accusative singular masculine, 3rd Declension; Function: Object of in; Translation: “odor”; Notes: Symbolizes divine acceptance of the sacrifice.
  14. suavissimum — Lemma: suavis; Part of Speech: Adjective; Form: Accusative singular masculine superlative; Function: Modifies odorem; Translation: “most pleasing”; Notes: Expresses the highest degree of pleasantness.
  15. Domino — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Dative singular masculine, 2nd Declension; Function: Dative of reference; Translation: “to the LORD”; Notes: Refers to YHWH as the one receiving the offering.
  16. qui — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun; Form: Nominative singular masculine; Function: Subject of the relative clause; Translation: “which”; Notes: Refers to the pleasing aroma.
  17. surget — Lemma: surgo; Part of Speech: Verb; Form: Future active indicative, 3rd person singular; Function: Verb of the relative clause; Translation: “shall arise”; Notes: Describes the ascending aroma of the sacrifice.
  18. de — Lemma: de; Part of Speech: Preposition; Form: Governing the ablative; Function: Indicates source; Translation: “from”; Notes: Introduces the origin of the aroma.
  19. holocausto — Lemma: holocaustum; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Ablative singular neuter, 2nd Declension; Function: Object of de; Translation: “burnt offering”; Notes: The sacrifice wholly consumed upon the altar.
  20. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: Conjunction; Form: Indeclinable; Function: Connects the two sources of the aroma; Translation: “and”; Notes: Joins the burnt offering and drink offerings.
  21. de — Lemma: de; Part of Speech: Preposition; Form: Governing the ablative; Function: Indicates source; Translation: “from”; Notes: Introduces the second source of the aroma.
  22. libationibus — Lemma: libatio; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Ablative plural feminine, 3rd Declension; Function: Object of de; Translation: “drink offerings”; Notes: Refers to offerings of poured wine.
  23. singulorum — Lemma: singulus; Part of Speech: Adjective used substantively; Form: Genitive plural masculine; Function: Dependent genitive; Translation: “of each”; Notes: Refers to each sacrificial victim individually.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
This entry was posted in Numeri. Bookmark the permalink.

Comments are closed.