Genesis 36:24

Posted on February 5, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Gn 36:24 Et hi filii Sebeon: Aia et Ana. Iste est Ana qui invenit aquas calidas in solitudine, cum pasceret asinos Sebeon patris sui:

And these are the sons of Sebeon: Aia and Ana. This is Ana who found hot springs in the wilderness, when he was pasturing the donkeys of his father Sebeon;

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Et and CONJ
2 hi these PRON.DEM.NOM.PL.M
3 filii sons NOUN.NOM.PL.M
4 Sebeon of Zibeon PROP.NOUN.GEN.SG.M
5 Aia Aiah PROP.NOUN.NOM.SG.M
6 et and CONJ
7 Ana Anah PROP.NOUN.NOM.SG.M
8 Iste this PRON.DEM.NOM.SG.M
9 est is V.3SG.PRES.ACT.IND
10 Ana Anah PROP.NOUN.NOM.SG.M
11 qui who PRON.REL.NOM.SG.M
12 invenit found V.3SG.PERF.ACT.IND
13 aquas waters NOUN.ACC.PL.F
14 calidas hot ADJ.ACC.PL.F
15 in in PREP+ABL
16 solitudine wilderness NOUN.ABL.SG.F
17 cum when / while CONJ
18 pasceret he was pasturing V.3SG.IMPERF.ACT.SUBJ
19 asinos donkeys NOUN.ACC.PL.M
20 Sebeon of Zibeon PROP.NOUN.GEN.SG.M
21 patris of father NOUN.GEN.SG.M
22 sui his PRON.REFL.GEN.SG.M

Syntax

Clause 1: Et hi filii Sebeon —
Conjunction Et introduces the next genealogical segment; hi is the demonstrative subject, filii the predicate nominative, and Sebeon the genitive of possession.

Appositive List: Aia et Ana —
Two coordinate nominative proper nouns naming the sons of Zibeon.

Clause 2: Iste est Ana qui invenit aquas calidas in solitudine —
<Iste (subject) + est (copula) + Ana (predicate nominative) form an equative clause, followed by relative clause qui invenit… indicating his notable action.

Temporal Clause: cum pasceret asinos Sebeon patris sui —
Subordinate clause introduced by cum with subjunctive verb pasceret, describing concurrent action “while pasturing the donkeys of his father Zibeon.”

Morphology

  1. Et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: connects genealogical clauses; Translation: “and”; Notes: Marks continuity in lineage enumeration.
  2. hi — Lemma: hic, haec, hoc; Part of Speech: demonstrative pronoun; Form: nominative plural masculine; Function: subject of implied sunt; Translation: “these”; Notes: Refers to the named descendants.
  3. filii — Lemma: fīlius; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative plural masculine; Function: predicate nominative; Translation: “sons”; Notes: Standard genealogical marker.
  4. Sebeon — Lemma: Sebeon; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: genitive of possession; Translation: “of Zibeon”; Notes: Denotes father’s name.
  5. Aia — Lemma: Aia; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: appositive; Translation: “Aiah”; Notes: One of Zibeon’s sons, otherwise obscure.
  6. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: joins Aia and Ana; Translation: “and”; Notes: Coordination marker in genealogical list.
  7. Ana — Lemma: Ana; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: appositive; Translation: “Anah”; Notes: Notable descendant credited with discovery of hot springs.
  8. Iste — Lemma: iste, ista, istud; Part of Speech: demonstrative pronoun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject of est; Translation: “this”; Notes: Used for identification of an individual in narrative emphasis.
  9. est — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 3rd person singular present indicative active; Function: copula; Translation: “is”; Notes: Links Iste and Ana in equative structure.
  10. Ana — Lemma: Ana; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: predicate nominative; Translation: “Anah”; Notes: Repeated for emphasis; subject of the relative clause.
  11. qui — Lemma: quī, quae, quod; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: introduces relative clause; Translation: “who”; Notes: Refers back to Ana.
  12. invenit — Lemma: inveniō; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 3rd person singular perfect indicative active; Function: main verb in relative clause; Translation: “found”; Notes: Marks action of discovery attributed to Anah.
  13. aquas — Lemma: aqua; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural feminine; Function: direct object of invenit; Translation: “waters”; Notes: Refers to natural springs.
  14. calidas — Lemma: calidus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: accusative plural feminine; Function: adjective modifying aquas; Translation: “hot”; Notes: Descriptive of the discovered waters.
  15. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: introduces locative phrase; Translation: “in”; Notes: Indicates spatial location of discovery.
  16. solitudine — Lemma: solitudo; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular feminine; Function: object of in; Translation: “wilderness”; Notes: Geographic context of the event.
  17. cum — Lemma: cum; Part of Speech: subordinating conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: introduces temporal clause; Translation: “when / while”; Notes: Governs subjunctive verb pasceret.
  18. pasceret — Lemma: pascō; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 3rd person singular imperfect subjunctive active; Function: verb of subordinate temporal clause; Translation: “he was pasturing”; Notes: Depicts simultaneous background action.
  19. asinos — Lemma: asinus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: direct object of pasceret; Translation: “donkeys”; Notes: Indicates pastoral activity.
  20. Sebeon — Lemma: Sebeon; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: modifies patris; Translation: “of Zibeon”; Notes: Specifies paternal name again for emphasis.
  21. patris — Lemma: pater; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: possessive genitive; Translation: “of father”; Notes: Part of possessive chain “father of his.”
  22. sui — Lemma: suus; Part of Speech: reflexive possessive pronoun; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: agrees with patris; Translation: “his”; Notes: Refers back to Ana as subject of the subordinate clause.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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