Exodus 13:5

Posted on March 4, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 13:5 Cumque introduxerit te Dominus in Terram Chananæi et Hethæi et Amorrhæi et Hevæi et Iebusæi, quam iuravit patribus tuis ut daret tibi, terram fluentem lacte et melle, celebrabis hunc morem sacrorum mense isto.

And when the LORD shall have brought you into the Land of the Chananite and the Hethite and the Amorrhite and the Hevite and the Jebusite, which He swore to your fathers to give to you, a land flowing with milk and honey, you shall keep this custom of rites in this month.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Cumque and when CONJ
2 introduxerit shall have brought 3SG.FUT.PERF.ACT.IND
3 te you PRON.ACC.SG.2ND
4 Dominus the LORD NOUN.NOM.SG.M
5 in into PREP+ACC
6 Terram land NOUN.ACC.SG.F
7 Chananæi of the Canaanite NOUN.GEN.SG.M
8 et and CONJ
9 Hethæi of the Hittite NOUN.GEN.SG.M
10 et and CONJ
11 Amorrhæi of the Amorite NOUN.GEN.SG.M
12 et and CONJ
13 Hevæi of the Hivite NOUN.GEN.SG.M
14 et and CONJ
15 Iebusæi of the Jebusite NOUN.GEN.SG.M
16 quam which PRON.ACC.SG.F
17 iuravit He swore 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND
18 patribus to the fathers NOUN.DAT.PL.M
19 tuis your ADJ.DAT.PL.M
20 ut that CONJ
21 daret He might give 3SG.IMP.ACT.SUBJ
22 tibi to you PRON.DAT.SG.2ND
23 terram land NOUN.ACC.SG.F
24 fluentem flowing PART.PRES.ACT.ACC.SG.F
25 lacte with milk NOUN.ABL.SG.N
26 et and CONJ
27 melle with honey NOUN.ABL.SG.N
28 celebrabis you shall keep 2SG.FUT.ACT.IND
29 hunc this PRON.ACC.SG.M
30 morem custom NOUN.ACC.SG.M
31 sacrorum of rites NOUN.GEN.PL.N
32 mense in the month NOUN.ABL.SG.M
33 isto this PRON.ABL.SG.M

Syntax

Temporal clause: Cumque introduxerit te Dominus in Terram Chananæi et Hethæi et Amorrhæi et Hevæi et Iebusæi — future-perfect verb introduxerit with conjunction Cumque expresses a future temporal condition, “and when the LORD shall have brought you into the land of the Canaanite, Hittite, Amorite, Hivite, and Jebusite.” The prepositional phrase in Terram governs the series of genitives naming the peoples.
Relative clause: quam iuravit patribus tuis ut daret tibi — quam refers back to Terram; verb iuravit takes patribus tuis as indirect object and the ut-clause ut daret tibi terram as the content of the oath (“that He would give it to you”).
Apposition: terram fluentem lacte et melle further describes the land as “flowing with milk and honey,” with participle fluentem modifying terram and ablatives lacte et melle expressing that with which it flows.
Main clause: celebrabis hunc morem sacrorum — future indicative celebrabis with object phrase hunc morem sacrorum functions with imperative force (“you shall keep this custom of rites”).
Temporal specification: mense isto — ablative of time, “in this month,” specifying when this ritual custom is to be observed.

Morphology

  1. Cumque — Lemma: cum + -que; Part of Speech: conjunction (with enclitic); Form: indeclinable; Function: introduces a temporal clause and links it to the previous context; Translation: “and when”; Notes: -que connects this future condition to the ongoing legal discourse.
  2. introduxerit — Lemma: introduco; Part of Speech: verb; Form: future perfect active indicative third person singular; Function: main verb of the temporal clause; Translation: “shall have brought”; Notes: future perfect underscores the completion of entry before the main action (celebrabis) takes place.
  3. te — Lemma: tu; Part of Speech: personal pronoun; Form: accusative singular; Function: direct object of introduxerit; Translation: “you”; Notes: second person singular representing Israel corporately.
  4. Dominus — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject of introduxerit; Translation: “the LORD”; Notes: refers to YHWH, the covenant God acting in history.
  5. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: marks motion into a place; Translation: “into”; Notes: spatial preposition introducing the goal of movement.
  6. Terram — Lemma: terra; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: object of in; Translation: “land”; Notes: denotes the promised territory.
  7. Chananæi — Lemma: Chananæus; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: dependent genitive modifying Terram; Translation: “of the Canaanite”; Notes: here representative of the Canaanite people inhabiting the land.
  8. et (after Chananæi) — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: coordinates Hethæi with Chananæi; Translation: “and”; Notes: joins the list of nations occupying the land.
  9. Hethæi — Lemma: Hethæus; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: genitive modifying Terram; Translation: “of the Hittite”; Notes: another ethnic group of the region.
  10. et (after Hethæi) — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: coordinates Amorrhæi with preceding names; Translation: “and”; Notes: continues the catalog of peoples.
  11. Amorrhæi — Lemma: Amorrhæus; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: genitive modifying Terram; Translation: “of the Amorite”; Notes: a major people group frequently mentioned in conquest lists.
  12. et (after Amorrhæi) — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: coordinates Hevæi with what precedes; Translation: “and”; Notes: simple additive conjunction.
  13. Hevæi — Lemma: Hevæus; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: genitive modifying Terram; Translation: “of the Hivite”; Notes: one of the smaller Canaanite groups.
  14. et (after Hevæi) — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: coordinates Iebusæi with the preceding peoples; Translation: “and”; Notes: marks the final item in the ethnographic list.
  15. Iebusæi — Lemma: Iebusæus; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: genitive modifying Terram; Translation: “of the Jebusite”; Notes: associated with Jerusalem and its environs.
  16. quam — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: direct object of iuravit, referring back to Terram; Translation: “which”; Notes: links the land to the covenant oath.
  17. iuravit — Lemma: iuro; Part of Speech: verb; Form: perfect active indicative third person singular; Function: main verb of the relative clause; Translation: “He swore”; Notes: expresses the solemnity of YHWH’s promise to the patriarchs.
  18. patribus — Lemma: pater; Part of Speech: noun; Form: dative plural masculine; Function: indirect object of iuravit; Translation: “to the fathers”; Notes: refers to the patriarchs Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob.
  19. tuis — Lemma: tuus; Part of Speech: possessive adjective; Form: dative plural masculine; Function: modifies patribus; Translation: “your”; Notes: connects the current generation with their ancestors.
  20. ut — Lemma: ut; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: introduces a subordinate clause expressing the content/purpose of the oath; Translation: “that”; Notes: here with subjunctive daret.
  21. daret — Lemma: do; Part of Speech: verb; Form: imperfect active subjunctive third person singular; Function: verb of the ut-clause; Translation: “He might give”; Notes: subjunctive reflects the promissory purpose within the oath.
  22. tibi — Lemma: tu; Part of Speech: personal pronoun; Form: dative singular; Function: indirect object of daret; Translation: “to you”; Notes: stresses Israel as the beneficiary of the gift.
  23. terram — Lemma: terra; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: direct object of daret; Translation: “land”; Notes: here resumes and restates the promised land.
  24. fluentem — Lemma: fluo; Part of Speech: participle; Form: present active participle accusative singular feminine; Function: attributive participle modifying terram; Translation: “flowing”; Notes: depicts continuous abundance.
  25. lacte — Lemma: lac; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular neuter; Function: ablative with fluentem, expressing that with which the land flows; Translation: “with milk”; Notes: part of the formula “milk and honey” signifying prosperity.
  26. et (before melle) — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: coordinates melle with lacte; Translation: “and”; Notes: joins the second term in the abundance pair.
  27. melle — Lemma: mel; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular neuter; Function: ablative with fluentem; Translation: “with honey”; Notes: completes the idiom “flowing with milk and honey.”
  28. celebrabis — Lemma: celebro; Part of Speech: verb; Form: future active indicative second person singular; Function: main verb of the matrix clause; Translation: “you shall keep/celebrate”; Notes: future with imperatival force, prescribing ongoing observance.
  29. hunc — Lemma: hic; Part of Speech: demonstrative adjective/pronoun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: modifies morem; Translation: “this”; Notes: points to the specific ritual pattern just described.
  30. morem — Lemma: mos; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: direct object of celebrabis; Translation: “custom”; Notes: denotes established practice or usage.
  31. sacrorum — Lemma: sacrum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive plural neuter; Function: dependent genitive modifying morem; Translation: “of rites”; Notes: specifies that the “custom” concerns sacred ceremonies.
  32. mense — Lemma: mensis; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular masculine; Function: ablative of time when; Translation: “in the month”; Notes: indicates the recurring liturgical time of observance.
  33. isto — Lemma: iste; Part of Speech: demonstrative adjective/pronoun; Form: ablative singular masculine; Function: modifies mense; Translation: “this”; Notes: deictic reference to the particular month already identified in the context.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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