Exodus 13:6

Posted on March 4, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 13:6 Septem diebus vesceris azymis: et in die septimo erit sollemnitas Domini.

Seven days you shall eat unleavened bread, and on the seventh day there shall be a solemnity of the LORD.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Septem seven NUM.INVAR
2 diebus days NOUN.ABL.PL.M
3 vesceris you shall eat 2SG.FUT.DEP.IND
4 azymis unleavened bread NOUN.ABL.PL.N
5 et and CONJ
6 in in PREP+ABL
7 die day NOUN.ABL.SG.M
8 septimo seventh ADJ.ABL.SG.M
9 erit there shall be 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND
10 sollemnitas solemnity NOUN.NOM.SG.F
11 Domini of the LORD NOUN.GEN.SG.M

Syntax

Temporal phrase: Septem diebus — ablative of time (“for seven days”).
Main clause: vesceris azymis — deponent future indicative verb with ablative of means/object (“you shall eat unleavened bread”).
Coordinating clause: et in die septimo erit sollemnitas Domini — prepositional phrase marks the time, verb erit introduces predicate nominative sollemnitas with genitive modifier Domini.

Morphology

  1. Septem — Lemma: septem; Part of Speech: numeral; Form: indeclinable; Function: modifies diebus; Translation: “seven”; Notes: cardinal numeral.
  2. diebus — Lemma: dies; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative plural masculine; Function: ablative of time; Translation: “days”; Notes: indicates duration.
  3. vesceris — Lemma: vescor; Part of Speech: deponent verb; Form: future indicative second person singular; Function: main verb; Translation: “you shall eat”; Notes: takes ablative object.
  4. azymis — Lemma: azyma; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative plural neuter; Function: ablative object of vesceris; Translation: “unleavened bread”; Notes: liturgical food of Passover/Unleavened Bread.
  5. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: connects clauses; Translation: “and”; Notes: simple coordinative.
  6. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: introduces temporal phrase; Translation: “in”; Notes: indicates time when.
  7. die — Lemma: dies; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular masculine; Function: object of in; Translation: “day”; Notes: temporal marker.
  8. septimo — Lemma: septimus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: ablative singular masculine; Function: modifies die; Translation: “seventh”; Notes: ordinal numeral.
  9. erit — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: future active indicative third person singular; Function: main verb of second clause; Translation: “there shall be”; Notes: introduces predicate nominative.
  10. sollemnitas — Lemma: sollemnitas; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular feminine; Function: subject complement; Translation: “solemnity”; Notes: festival observance.
  11. Domini — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: possessive genitive modifying sollemnitas; Translation: “of the LORD”; Notes: refers to YHWH.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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