Leviticus 17:14

Posted on April 17, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 17:14 Anima enim omnis carnis in sanguine est: unde dixi filiis Israel: Sanguinem universæ carnis non comedetis, quia anima carnis in sanguine est: et quicumque comederit illum, interibit.

For the life of all flesh is in the blood; therefore I said to the sons of Israel: ‘You shall not eat the blood of any flesh, because the life of the flesh is in the blood; and whoever eats it shall perish.’

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Anima life NOM.SG.F
2 enim for CONJ
3 omnis all NOM.SG.F
4 carnis of-flesh GEN.SG.F
5 in in PREP+ABL
6 sanguine blood ABL.SG.M
7 est is 3SG.PRES.ACT.IND
8 unde therefore ADV
9 dixi I-said 1SG.PERF.ACT.IND
10 filiis to-the-sons DAT.PL.M
11 Israel Israel INDECL.NOUN
12 Sanguinem blood ACC.SG.M
13 universæ of-all GEN.SG.F
14 carnis of-flesh GEN.SG.F
15 non not ADV
16 comedetis you-shall-eat 2PL.FUT.ACT.IND
17 quia because CONJ
18 anima life NOM.SG.F
19 carnis of-flesh GEN.SG.F
20 in in PREP+ABL
21 sanguine blood ABL.SG.M
22 est is 3SG.PRES.ACT.IND
23 et and CONJ
24 quicumque whoever NOM.SG.M.REL
25 comederit has-eaten 3SG.PERF.SUBJ.ACT
26 illum it ACC.SG.M.PRON.DEM
27 interibit shall-perish 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND

Syntax

Causal Statement: Anima enim omnis carnis in sanguine est — theological grounding
Inferential Adverb: unde — draws conclusion from the premise
Main Declaration: dixi filiis Israel — authoritative command
Prohibition: Sanguinem universæ carnis non comedetis — universal ban
Reiterated Cause: quia anima carnis in sanguine est — repeated rationale
Sanction Clause: et quicumque comederit illum, interibit — legal consequence

Morphology

  1. Anima — Lemma: anima; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative feminine singular, first declension; Function: subject; Translation: life; Notes: The life-principle.
  2. enim — Lemma: enim; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: causal connector; Translation: for; Notes: Provides explanation.
  3. omnis — Lemma: omnis; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: nominative feminine singular; Function: modifies anima; Translation: all; Notes: Universal scope.
  4. carnis — Lemma: caro; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive feminine singular, third declension; Function: possessive genitive; Translation: of flesh; Notes: Embodied life.
  5. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing ablative; Function: location; Translation: in; Notes: Indicates containment.
  6. sanguine — Lemma: sanguis; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative masculine singular, third declension; Function: object of in; Translation: blood; Notes: Seat of life.
  7. est — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular present indicative active; Function: copula; Translation: is; Notes: States a general truth.
  8. unde — Lemma: unde; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: inferential connector; Translation: therefore; Notes: Logical consequence.
  9. dixi — Lemma: dico; Part of Speech: verb; Form: first person singular perfect indicative active; Function: main verb; Translation: I said; Notes: Formal divine speech.
  10. filiis — Lemma: filius; Part of Speech: noun; Form: dative masculine plural, second declension; Function: indirect object; Translation: to the sons; Notes: Corporate address.
  11. Israel — Lemma: Israel; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: indeclinable; Function: genitive in sense; Translation: Israel; Notes: Covenant people.
  12. Sanguinem — Lemma: sanguis; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative masculine singular, third declension; Function: direct object; Translation: blood; Notes: Forbidden substance.
  13. universæ — Lemma: universus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: genitive feminine singular; Function: modifies carnis; Translation: of all; Notes: Inclusive scope.
  14. carnis — Lemma: caro; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive feminine singular, third declension; Function: objective genitive; Translation: of flesh; Notes: Any living flesh.
  15. non — Lemma: non; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: negation; Translation: not; Notes: Absolute prohibition.
  16. comedetis — Lemma: comedo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: second person plural future indicative active; Function: predicate; Translation: you shall eat; Notes: Legal future expressing command.
  17. quia — Lemma: quia; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: causal connector; Translation: because; Notes: Restates rationale.
  18. anima — Lemma: anima; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative feminine singular; Function: subject; Translation: life; Notes: Repetition for emphasis.
  19. carnis — Lemma: caro; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive feminine singular; Function: possessive genitive; Translation: of flesh; Notes: Emphasizes embodiment.
  20. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing ablative; Function: location; Translation: in; Notes: Repeated locative phrase.
  21. sanguine — Lemma: sanguis; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative masculine singular; Function: object of in; Translation: blood; Notes: Central theological term.
  22. est — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular present indicative active; Function: copula; Translation: is; Notes: Reasserts principle.
  23. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Introduces sanction.
  24. quicumque — Lemma: quicumque; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: nominative masculine singular; Function: subject of condition; Translation: whoever; Notes: Universal liability.
  25. comederit — Lemma: comedo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular perfect subjunctive active; Function: verb of condition; Translation: has eaten; Notes: Legal conditional form.
  26. illum — Lemma: ille; Part of Speech: demonstrative pronoun; Form: accusative masculine singular; Function: direct object; Translation: it; Notes: Refers to the blood.
  27. interibit — Lemma: intereo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future indicative active; Function: main predicate; Translation: shall perish; Notes: Covenant penalty.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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