Leviticus 25:26

Posted on April 25, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 25:26 sin autem non habuerit proximum, et ipse pretium ad redimendum potuerit invenire:

but if he has not had a near kinsman, and he himself has been able to find the price for redeeming;

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 sin but if CONJ
2 autem however ADV
3 non not ADV
4 habuerit has had 3SG.FUTP.SUBJ.ACT
5 proximum near kinsman ACC.SG.M.2ND.DECL
6 et and CONJ
7 ipse he himself NOM.SG.M.DEM
8 pretium price ACC.SG.N.2ND.DECL
9 ad for PREP+ACC
10 redimendum redeeming GERUNDV.ACC.SG.N
11 potuerit has been able 3SG.FUTP.SUBJ.ACT
12 invenire to find INF.PRES.ACT

Syntax

Adversative Condition: sin autem — introduces an alternative case to the prior provision.
Conditional Protasis: non habuerit proximum — future perfect subjunctive describing absence of a qualifying redeemer.
Coordinated Condition: et ipse … potuerit invenire — adds a second requirement focused on personal capacity.
Object and Purpose: pretium ad redimendum — the price specified with a gerundive of purpose.

Morphology

  1. sin — Lemma: sin; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: introduces an alternative conditional; Translation: but if; Notes: Signals a contrast with the previous scenario.
  2. autem — Lemma: autem; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: adversative emphasis; Translation: however; Notes: Sharpens the contrast without breaking continuity.
  3. non — Lemma: non; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: negation; Translation: not; Notes: Negates the existence of a redeemer.
  4. habuerit — Lemma: habeo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future perfect subjunctive active; Function: verb of the conditional clause; Translation: has had; Notes: Subjunctive aligns with anticipated legal contingency.
  5. proximum — Lemma: proximus; Part of Speech: adjective used substantively; Form: accusative singular masculine, second declension; Function: direct object of habuerit; Translation: near kinsman; Notes: Denotes the closest eligible relative.
  6. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Adds a further condition.
  7. ipse — Lemma: ipse; Part of Speech: demonstrative pronoun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject of potuerit; Translation: he himself; Notes: Emphasizes personal agency.
  8. pretium — Lemma: pretium; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter, second declension; Function: direct object of invenire; Translation: price; Notes: Refers to the sum required for redemption.
  9. ad — Lemma: ad; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing the accusative; Function: expresses purpose; Translation: for; Notes: Introduces the goal of the payment.
  10. redimendum — Lemma: redimo; Part of Speech: gerundive; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: object of ad; Translation: redeeming; Notes: Expresses intended purpose rather than completed action.
  11. potuerit — Lemma: possum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future perfect subjunctive active; Function: verb of the coordinated condition; Translation: has been able; Notes: Indicates sufficient capacity or means.
  12. invenire — Lemma: invenio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present active infinitive; Function: complementary infinitive with potuerit; Translation: to find; Notes: Focuses on securing the necessary sum.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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