Numeri 7:45 (Numbers 7:45)

Posted on May 4, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Nm 7:45 bovem de armento, et arietem, et agnum anniculum in holocaustum:

a bull from the herd, and a ram, and a year-old lamb for a burnt offering;

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 bovem bull ACC.SG.M
2 de from PREP+ABL
3 armento herd ABL.SG.N
4 et and CONJ
5 arietem ram ACC.SG.M
6 et and CONJ
7 agnum lamb ACC.SG.M
8 anniculum year-old ACC.SG.M.POS
9 in for PREP+ACC
10 holocaustum burnt offering ACC.SG.N

Syntax

Main Clause: Elliptical continuation with implied obtulit; coordinated direct objects bovem, arietem, and agnum.

Object(s): bovem, arietem, agnum anniculum — items offered.

Phrase: de armento — prepositional phrase specifying source.

Phrase: agnum anniculum — noun with adjectival modifier indicating age.

Phrase: in holocaustum — purpose phrase indicating ritual function.

Clause Function: Listing clause continuing the sequence of sacrificial items.

Morphology

  1. bovem — Lemma: bos; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: direct object (elliptical); Translation: bull; Notes: First sacrificial animal listed, drawn from larger livestock.
  2. de — Lemma: de; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: introduces source; Translation: from; Notes: Indicates origin or category of the animal.
  3. armento — Lemma: armentum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular neuter; Function: object of de; Translation: herd; Notes: Refers to larger domesticated animals such as cattle.
  4. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordinating conjunction; Translation: and; Notes: Links items in a cumulative list.
  5. arietem — Lemma: aries; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: coordinated direct object; Translation: ram; Notes: Second sacrificial animal.
  6. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordinating conjunction; Translation: and; Notes: Continues the series.
  7. agnum — Lemma: agnus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: coordinated direct object; Translation: lamb; Notes: Third sacrificial animal in sequence.
  8. anniculum — Lemma: anniculus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: accusative singular masculine positive; Function: modifies agnum; Translation: year-old; Notes: Specifies the age requirement for the offering.
  9. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: introduces purpose; Translation: for; Notes: Indicates intended sacrificial use.
  10. holocaustum — Lemma: holocaustum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: object of in; Translation: burnt offering; Notes: Denotes a sacrifice wholly consumed by fire.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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