Genesis 36:10

Posted on February 5, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Gn 36:10 et hæc nomina filiorum eius: Eliphaz filius Ada uxoris Esau: Rahuel quoque filius Basemath uxoris eius.

and these are the names of his sons: Eliphaz the son of Ada, the wife of Esau; and Rahuel also, the son of Basemath, his wife.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 et and CONJ
2 hæc these PRON.DEM.NOM.PL.N
3 nomina names NOUN.NOM.PL.N
4 filiorum of sons NOUN.GEN.PL.M
5 eius of him PRON.GEN.SG.M
6 Eliphaz Eliphaz PROP.NOUN.NOM.SG.M
7 filius son NOUN.NOM.SG.M
8 Ada Adah PROP.NOUN.GEN.SG.F
9 uxoris of the wife NOUN.GEN.SG.F
10 Esau of Esau PROP.NOUN.GEN.SG.M
11 Rahuel Reuel PROP.NOUN.NOM.SG.M
12 quoque also ADV
13 filius son NOUN.NOM.SG.M
14 Basemath Basemath PROP.NOUN.GEN.SG.F
15 uxoris of the wife NOUN.GEN.SG.F
16 eius of him / his PRON.GEN.SG.M

Syntax

Introductory Clause: et hæc nomina filiorum eius — demonstrative pronoun hæc as subject, predicate nominative nomina with genitive filiorum eius defining possession; “and these are the names of his sons.”
Appositive Phrases: Eliphaz filius Ada uxoris Esau and Rahuel quoque filius Basemath uxoris eius — each phrase introduces one son, appositive genitives specifying maternal descent and paternal association.

Morphology

  1. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: joins this sentence with the previous genealogy; Translation: “and”; Notes: Standard connective in genealogical sequences.
  2. hæc — Lemma: hic, haec, hoc; Part of Speech: demonstrative pronoun; Form: nominative plural neuter; Function: subject of understood sunt; Translation: “these”; Notes: Introduces list or explanation.
  3. nomina — Lemma: nōmen; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative plural neuter; Function: predicate nominative; Translation: “names”; Notes: Refers to identification of Esau’s descendants.
  4. filiorum — Lemma: fīlius; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive plural masculine; Function: genitive of possession modifying nomina; Translation: “of sons”; Notes: Indicates those whose names are listed.
  5. eius — Lemma: is, ea, id; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: possessive genitive modifying filiorum; Translation: “of him / his”; Notes: Refers to Esau as the father.
  6. Eliphaz — Lemma: Eliphaz; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: appositive subject of implied verb “est”; Translation: “Eliphaz”; Notes: Firstborn son of Esau by Ada.
  7. filius — Lemma: fīlius; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: apposition to Eliphaz; Translation: “son”; Notes: Describes filial relationship to Ada.
  8. Ada — Lemma: Ada; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: genitive singular feminine; Function: genitive of parentage modifying filius; Translation: “of Ada”; Notes: Identifies maternal lineage.
  9. uxoris — Lemma: uxor; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular feminine; Function: genitive in apposition with Ada; Translation: “of the wife”; Notes: Clarifies Ada’s relationship to Esau.
  10. Esau — Lemma: Esau; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: dependent genitive modifying uxoris; Translation: “of Esau”; Notes: Defines Ada as Esau’s wife.
  11. Rahuel — Lemma: Rahuel; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject of implied verb “est”; Translation: “Reuel”; Notes: Second son named in the genealogy.
  12. quoque — Lemma: quoque; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: indeclinable; Function: additive modifier; Translation: “also”; Notes: Adds another coordinate example parallel to Eliphaz.
  13. filius — Lemma: fīlius; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: apposition to Rahuel; Translation: “son”; Notes: Follows genealogical appositive pattern.
  14. Basemath — Lemma: Basemath; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: genitive singular feminine; Function: genitive of parentage modifying filius; Translation: “of Basemath”; Notes: Indicates maternal descent from Esau’s other wife.
  15. uxoris — Lemma: uxor; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular feminine; Function: genitive in apposition with Basemath; Translation: “of the wife”; Notes: Defines her marital role to Esau.
  16. eius — Lemma: is, ea, id; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: possessive modifying uxoris; Translation: “his”; Notes: Refers to Esau again as the husband of Basemath.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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