Exodus 10:25

Posted on March 1, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 10:25 Ait Moyses: Hostias quoque et holocausta dabis nobis, quæ offeramus Domino Deo nostro.

Moyses said: “You will also give to us victims and burnt offerings, which we may offer to the LORD our God.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Ait said 3SG.PRES.ACT.IND
2 Moyses Moses NOM.SG.M
3 Hostias victims ACC.PL.F
4 quoque also ADV
5 et and CONJ
6 holocausta burnt offerings ACC.PL.N
7 dabis you will give 2SG.FUT.ACT.IND
8 nobis to us DAT.PL
9 quæ which NOM.PL.N.REL
10 offeramus we may offer 1PL.PRES.ACT.SUBJ
11 Domino to the LORD DAT.SG.M
12 Deo to God DAT.SG.M
13 nostro our DAT.SG.M

Syntax

Speech Introduction:
Subject: Moyses
Verb: Ait — historical present introducing speech

Main Request Clause:
Hostias quoque et holocausta — compound direct object
dabis nobis — future indicative expressing obligation: “you will give to us”

Relative Purpose Clause:
quæ — neuter plural relative pronoun referring to sacrifices
offeramus Domino Deo nostro — subjunctive expressing intended purpose

Morphology

  1. Ait — Lemma: aio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present active indicative 3rd singular; Function: introduces Moses’ speech; Translation: “said”; Notes: common narrative verb in Vulgate.
  2. Moyses — Lemma: Moyses; Part of Speech: noun (proper); Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject; Translation: “Moses”; Notes: Hebrew name in Greek/Latin form.
  3. Hostias — Lemma: hostia; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural feminine; Function: direct object of dabis; Translation: “victims”; Notes: sacrificial animals.
  4. quoque — Lemma: quoque; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: additive; Function: adds to hostias; Translation: “also”; Notes: emphasizes inclusion.
  5. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: coordinating; Function: links hostias and holocausta; Translation: “and”; Notes: simple connective.
  6. holocausta — Lemma: holocaustum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural neuter; Function: second direct object; Translation: “burnt offerings”; Notes: Greek loanword referring to offerings wholly consumed by fire.
  7. dabis — Lemma: do; Part of Speech: verb; Form: future active indicative 2nd singular; Function: main verb of demand; Translation: “you will give”; Notes: expresses requirement imposed on Pharaoh.
  8. nobis — Lemma: nos; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: dative plural; Function: indirect object; Translation: “to us”; Notes: refers to Moses and Israel.
  9. quæ — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: nominative plural neuter; Function: subject of offeramus; Translation: “which”; Notes: refers to all required sacrifices.
  10. offeramus — Lemma: offero; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present active subjunctive 1st plural; Function: verb of purpose clause; Translation: “we may offer”; Notes: subjunctive expresses intended action.
  11. Domino — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: dative singular masculine; Function: indirect object of offeramus; Translation: “to the LORD”; Notes: refers to YHWH.
  12. Deo — Lemma: Deus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: dative singular masculine; Function: further identification of the LORD; Translation: “to God”; Notes: apposition with Domino.
  13. nostro — Lemma: noster; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: dative singular masculine; Function: modifies Deo; Translation: “our”; Notes: covenantal possessive.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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