Exodus 16:27

Posted on March 7, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 16:27 Venitque septima dies: et egressi de populo ut colligerent, non invenerunt.

And the seventh day came; and some from the people went out to gather, but they did not find anything.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Venitque and came 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND
2 septima seventh NOM.SG.F (ADJ.ORD)
3 dies day NOM.SG.F
4 et and CONJ
5 egressi having gone out NOM.PL.M (PTCP.PERF.DEP)
6 de from PREP+ABL
7 populo people ABL.SG.M
8 ut so that / in order to CONJ
9 colligerent they might gather 3PL.IMP.ACT.SUBJ
10 non not ADV
11 invenerunt they found 3PL.PERF.ACT.IND

Syntax

Main Clause: Venitque septima dies — narrative perfect; “the seventh day came.”
Subordinate Descriptive Clause: et egressi de populo — “and some from the people, having gone out.”
Purpose Clause: ut colligerent — expresses intended action: “in order to gather.”
Negative Result Clause: non invenerunt — “they did not find (anything).”

Morphology

  1. Venitque — Lemma: venio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: perfect active indicative, 3rd singular, with enclitic -que; Function: main narrative verb; Translation: “and came”; Notes: perfect situates arrival of the sabbath.
  2. septima — Lemma: septimus; Part of Speech: adjective (ordinal); Form: nominative singular feminine; Function: modifies dies; Translation: “seventh”; Notes: ordinal marker of sequence.
  3. dies — Lemma: dies; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular feminine; Function: subject; Translation: “day”; Notes: dies can be m. or f.; context favors feminine here.
  4. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: connects clauses; Translation: “and”; Notes: continuative.
  5. egressi — Lemma: egredior; Part of Speech: participle (deponent); Form: perfect participle, nominative plural masculine; Function: subject of invenerunt; Translation: “having gone out”; Notes: deponent verb with active meaning.
  6. de — Lemma: de; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: indicates origin; Translation: “from”; Notes: used for separation.
  7. populo — Lemma: populus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular masculine; Function: object of de; Translation: “people”; Notes: refers to Israelites.
  8. ut — Lemma: ut; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: introduces purpose clause; Translation: “so that”; Notes: governs subjunctive colligerent.
  9. colligerent — Lemma: colligo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: imperfect active subjunctive, 3rd plural; Function: expresses purpose; Translation: “they might gather”; Notes: subjunctive required by ut.
  10. non — Lemma: non; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: negation; Translation: “not”; Notes: negates invenerunt.
  11. invenerunt — Lemma: invenio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: perfect active indicative, 3rd plural; Function: main verb; Translation: “they found”; Notes: describes result of searching on the sabbath.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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