Exodus 17:7

Posted on March 8, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 17:7 et vocavit nomen loci illius, Tentatio, propter iurgium filiorum Israel, et quia tentaverunt Dominum, dicentes: Est ne Dominus in nobis, an non?

and he called the name of that place Temptation, because of the quarrel of the sons of Israel, and because they tested the LORD, saying: “Is the LORD in us, or not?”

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 et and CONJ
2 vocavit called 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND
3 nomen name NOUN.ACC.SG.N
4 loci of the place NOUN.GEN.SG.M
5 illius of that PRON.DEM.GEN.SG.M/N
6 Tentatio Temptation NOUN.NOM.SG.F
7 propter because of PREP+ACC
8 iurgium quarrel NOUN.ACC.SG.N
9 filiorum of the sons NOUN.GEN.PL.M
10 Israel Israel NOUN.INDECL
11 et and CONJ
12 quia because CONJ
13 tentaverunt they tested 3PL.PERF.ACT.IND
14 Dominum the LORD NOUN.ACC.SG.M
15 dicentes saying PTCP.PRES.ACT.NOM.PL.M
16 Est is 3SG.PRES.ACT.IND
17 ne (interrog.) PART
18 Dominus the LORD NOUN.NOM.SG.M
19 in in PREP+ABL
20 nobis in us PRON.PERS.ABL.PL
21 an or CONJ
22 non not ADV

Syntax

Main Clause: et vocavit nomen loci illius Tentatio — subject implied (“he”), verb, object (“name”), genitive (“of that place”), predicate name.
Causal Phrase 1: propter iurgium filiorum Israel — “because of the quarrel of the sons of Israel.”
Causal Phrase 2: et quia tentaverunt Dominum — subordinate causal clause.
Participial Introduction: dicentes introduces quoted speech.
Interrogative Clause: Est ne Dominus in nobis, an non? — “Is the LORD among us or not?”

Morphology

  1. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: clause connector; Translation: and; Notes: coordinates with prior narrative.
  2. vocavit — Lemma: voco; Part of Speech: verb; Form: perfect active indicative 3rd singular; Function: main verb; Translation: called; Notes: naming formula.
  3. nomen — Lemma: nomen; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: direct object; Translation: name; Notes: object of vocavit.
  4. loci — Lemma: locus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: possessive genitive; Translation: of the place; Notes: place reference.
  5. illius — Lemma: ille; Part of Speech: demonstrative pronoun; Form: genitive singular masculine/neuter; Function: modifies loci; Translation: of that; Notes: deictic emphasis.
  6. Tentatio — Lemma: tentatio; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular feminine; Function: predicate nominative; Translation: Temptation; Notes: symbolic name.
  7. propter — Lemma: propter; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: introduces cause; Translation: because of; Notes: factual explanation.
  8. iurgium — Lemma: iurgium; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: object of propter; Translation: quarrel; Notes: denotes dispute.
  9. filiorum — Lemma: filius; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive plural masculine; Function: possessive genitive; Translation: of the sons; Notes: lineage reference.
  10. Israel — Lemma: Israel; Part of Speech: noun; Form: indeclinable; Function: modifies filiorum; Translation: Israel; Notes: ethnic designation.
  11. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: joins causal clauses; Translation: and; Notes: additive.
  12. quia — Lemma: quia; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: introduces subordinate clause; Translation: because; Notes: gives secondary reason.
  13. tentaverunt — Lemma: tento; Part of Speech: verb; Form: perfect active indicative 3rd plural; Function: main verb of causal clause; Translation: they tested; Notes: moral accusation.
  14. Dominum — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: direct object; Translation: the LORD; Notes: refers to YHWH.
  15. dicentes — Lemma: dico; Part of Speech: participle; Form: present active participle nominative plural masculine; Function: introduces quotation; Translation: saying; Notes: modifies implied subject “they.”
  16. Est — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present active indicative 3rd singular; Function: main verb of question; Translation: is; Notes: existential query.
  17. ne — Lemma: ne; Part of Speech: interrogative particle; Form: invariable; Function: marks question; Translation: (interrogative); Notes: expresses uncertainty.
  18. Dominus — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject of est; Translation: the LORD; Notes: refers to YHWH.
  19. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: location; Translation: in; Notes: static sense.
  20. nobis — Lemma: nos; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: ablative plural; Function: object of in; Translation: us; Notes: communal identity.
  21. an — Lemma: an; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: introduces alternative; Translation: or; Notes: anticipates contrast.
  22. non — Lemma: non; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: negation; Translation: not; Notes: full contrast.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
This entry was posted in Exodus. Bookmark the permalink.

Comments are closed.