Leviticus 4:19

Posted on April 4, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 4:19 Omnemque eius adipem tollet, et adolebit super altare:

And he shall take all its fat and shall burn it on the altar;

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Omnemque and all ADJ, ACC.SG.M/F, POS + ENCLITIC -QUE
2 eius its PRON, GEN.SG.M/F/N, POSS
3 adipem fat NOUN, ACC.SG.M, 3RD DECL
4 tollet he shall take VERB, 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND
5 et and CONJ
6 adolebit he shall burn VERB, 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND
7 super upon PREP+ACC
8 altare altar NOUN, ACC.SG.N, 3RD DECL

Syntax

Main Clause 1: Omnemque eius adipem tollet — subject (implicit priest) + verb tollet + object omnem… adipem.
Coordinated Clause: et adolebit super altare — second future action describing the burning of the fat.
Prepositional Phrase: super altare — specifies the location of the ritual burning.

Morphology

  1. Omnemque — Lemma: omnis; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: accusative singular masculine/feminine, positive degree, with enclitic -que; Function: modifies adipem as direct object; Translation: and all; Notes: emphasizes total removal of sacrificial fat.
  2. eius — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: genitive singular masculine/feminine/neuter, possessive; Function: modifies adipem; Translation: its; Notes: refers to the sacrificial animal.
  3. adipem — Lemma: adeps; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: direct object of tollet; Translation: fat; Notes: fat portions were reserved for altar burning.
  4. tollet — Lemma: tollo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future active indicative; Function: main verb of the clause; Translation: he shall take; Notes: describes ritual removal of fat.
  5. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordinates actions; Translation: and; Notes: links sequential ritual acts.
  6. adolebit — Lemma: adoleo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future active indicative; Function: second main verb; Translation: he shall burn; Notes: technical term for sacrificial burning.
  7. super — Lemma: super; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: marks location; Translation: upon; Notes: standard sacrificial spatial marker.
  8. altare — Lemma: altare; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: object of super; Translation: altar; Notes: refers to the burnt-offering altar.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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