Numeri 5:15 (Numbers 5:15)

Posted on May 2, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Nm 5:15 adducet eam ad sacerdotem, et offeret oblationem pro illa decimam partem sati farinæ hordeaceæ: non fundet super eam oleum, nec imponet thus: quia sacrificium zelotypiæ est, et oblatio investigans adulterium.

he shall bring her to the priest, and he shall offer an offering for her, a tenth part of a seah of barley flour: he shall not pour oil upon it, nor shall he place incense, because it is a sacrifice of jealousy, and an offering investigating adultery.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 adducet he shall bring 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND
2 eam her ACC.SG.F
3 ad to PREP+ACC
4 sacerdotem priest ACC.SG.M
5 et and CONJ
6 offeret he shall offer 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND
7 oblationem offering ACC.SG.F
8 pro for PREP+ABL
9 illa her ABL.SG.F
10 decimam tenth ACC.SG.F
11 partem part ACC.SG.F
12 sati of a seah GEN.SG.N
13 farinæ of flour GEN.SG.F
14 hordeaceæ of barley GEN.SG.F
15 non not ADV
16 fundet he shall pour 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND
17 super upon PREP+ACC
18 eam it ACC.SG.F
19 oleum oil ACC.SG.N
20 nec nor CONJ
21 imponet he shall place 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND
22 thus incense ACC.SG.N
23 quia because CONJ
24 sacrificium sacrifice NOM.SG.N
25 zelotypiæ of jealousy GEN.SG.F
26 est is 3SG.PRES.ACT.IND
27 et and CONJ
28 oblatio offering NOM.SG.F
29 investigans investigating PTCP.PRES.NOM.SG.F
30 adulterium adultery ACC.SG.N

Syntax

Main Clause 1: adducet eam ad sacerdotem with adducet as the verb, eam as the direct object, and ad sacerdotem indicating direction.

Main Clause 2: offeret oblationem coordinated by et, with oblationem as the object and pro illa indicating substitution.

Appositional Phrase: decimam partem sati farinæ hordeaceæ specifies the quantity and type of offering.

Negative Clauses: non fundet super eam oleum and nec imponet thus prohibit additions to the offering.

Causal Clause: quia sacrificium zelotypiæ est explains the reason for the restrictions.

Predicate Clause: et oblatio investigans adulterium further defines the nature of the offering.

Morphology

  1. adducet — Lemma: adduco; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future active indicative, 3rd conjugation; Function: main verb; Translation: he shall bring; Notes: indicates formal presentation.
  2. eam — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: direct object; Translation: her; Notes: refers to the accused woman.
  3. ad — Lemma: ad; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: takes the accusative; Function: introduces destination; Translation: to; Notes: indicates direction toward priest.
  4. sacerdotem — Lemma: sacerdos; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular masculine, 3rd declension; Function: object of ad; Translation: priest; Notes: officiant of ritual.
  5. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: links clauses; Translation: and; Notes: connects actions.
  6. offeret — Lemma: offero; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future active indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: he shall offer; Notes: sacrificial context.
  7. oblationem — Lemma: oblatio; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular feminine, 3rd declension; Function: direct object; Translation: offering; Notes: ritual term.
  8. pro — Lemma: pro; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: takes the ablative; Function: introduces substitution; Translation: for; Notes: indicates representation.
  9. illa — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: ablative singular feminine; Function: object of pro; Translation: her; Notes: refers to same woman.
  10. decimam — Lemma: decimus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: modifies partem; Translation: tenth; Notes: numerical specification.
  11. partem — Lemma: pars; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular feminine, 3rd declension; Function: apposition; Translation: part; Notes: fraction of offering.
  12. sati — Lemma: satum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular neuter; Function: modifies partem; Translation: of a seah; Notes: unit of measure.
  13. farinæ — Lemma: farina; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular feminine, 1st declension; Function: modifies sati; Translation: of flour; Notes: material of offering.
  14. hordeaceæ — Lemma: hordeaceus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: genitive singular feminine; Function: modifies farinæ; Translation: of barley; Notes: indicates type of grain.
  15. non — Lemma: non; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: indeclinable; Function: negates fundet; Translation: not; Notes: prohibition.
  16. fundet — Lemma: fundo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future active indicative; Function: verb; Translation: he shall pour; Notes: ritual action denied.
  17. super — Lemma: super; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: takes the accusative; Function: introduces location; Translation: upon; Notes: spatial relation.
  18. eam — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: object of super; Translation: it; Notes: refers to offering.
  19. oleum — Lemma: oleum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter, 2nd declension; Function: object of fundet; Translation: oil; Notes: typical offering element excluded here.
  20. nec — Lemma: nec; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: links negative clause; Translation: nor; Notes: continues prohibition.
  21. imponet — Lemma: impono; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future active indicative; Function: verb; Translation: he shall place; Notes: ritual placement denied.
  22. thus — Lemma: thus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: object; Translation: incense; Notes: typical offering element excluded.
  23. quia — Lemma: quia; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: introduces cause; Translation: because; Notes: explanation.
  24. sacrificium — Lemma: sacrificium; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular neuter, 2nd declension; Function: subject; Translation: sacrifice; Notes: identifies type.
  25. zelotypiæ — Lemma: zelotypia; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular feminine; Function: modifies sacrificium; Translation: of jealousy; Notes: specifies category.
  26. est — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular present active indicative; Function: copula; Translation: is; Notes: equative function.
  27. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: links predicates; Translation: and; Notes: adds description.
  28. oblatio — Lemma: oblatio; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular feminine, 3rd declension; Function: predicate nominative; Translation: offering; Notes: second identification.
  29. investigans — Lemma: investigo; Part of Speech: verb (participle); Form: present active participle nominative singular feminine; Function: modifies oblatio; Translation: investigating; Notes: expresses purpose.
  30. adulterium — Lemma: adulterium; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter, 2nd declension; Function: object of investigans; Translation: adultery; Notes: central issue under investigation.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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