Numeri 16:2 (Numbers 16:2)

Posted on May 13, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Nm 16:2 surrexerunt contra Moysen, aliique filiorum Israel ducenti quinquaginta viri proceres synagogæ, et qui tempore concilii per nomina vocabantur.

then they rose up against Moyses, and others of the sons of Israel, two hundred fifty men, leaders of the assembly, and those who were called by name at the time of the council.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 surrexerunt they rose up 3PL.PERF.ACT.IND
2 contra against PREP+ACC
3 Moysen Moses NOUN ACC.SG.M
4 aliique and others PRON NOM.PL.M
5 filiorum of sons NOUN GEN.PL.M
6 Israel Israel NOUN GEN.SG.M
7 ducenti two hundred ADJ NOM.PL.M
8 quinquaginta fifty ADJ INDECL
9 viri men NOUN NOM.PL.M
10 proceres leaders NOUN NOM.PL.M
11 synagogæ of the assembly NOUN GEN.SG.F
12 et and CONJ
13 qui who PRON REL NOM.PL.M
14 tempore at the time NOUN ABL.SG.N
15 concilii of the council NOUN GEN.SG.N
16 per through PREP+ACC
17 nomina names NOUN ACC.PL.N
18 vocabantur were called 3PL.IMP.PASS.IND

Syntax

Main Clause: surrexerunt (verb) + aliique (subject implied with others) — action of rising up

Prepositional Phrase: contra Moysen — indicates opposition (object of hostility)

Expanded Subject Group: aliique filiorum Israel ducenti quinquaginta viri — compound nominative phrase specifying participants

Apposition: proceres synagogæ — identifies status as leaders of the assembly

Relative Clause: qui … vocabantur — describes the men further

Temporal Phrase: tempore concilii — ablative of time

Prepositional Phrase: per nomina — manner of designation (by name)

Morphology

  1. surrexerunt — Lemma: surgo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: perfect tense active voice indicative mood third person plural; Function: main verb; Translation: they rose up; Notes: denotes decisive action of uprising or opposition.
  2. contra — Lemma: contra; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: takes accusative; Function: introduces object of opposition; Translation: against; Notes: expresses hostility or direction toward an opponent.
  3. Moysen — Lemma: Moyses; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: object of preposition; Translation: Moyses; Notes: central figure targeted by opposition.
  4. aliique — Lemma: alius; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: nominative plural masculine with enclitic conjunction; Function: subject; Translation: and others; Notes: enclitic -que joins with preceding context, extending subject group.
  5. filiorum — Lemma: filius; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive plural masculine; Function: partitive genitive; Translation: of the sons; Notes: specifies group origin.
  6. Israel — Lemma: Israel; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: dependent genitive; Translation: of Israel; Notes: identifies the national group.
  7. ducenti — Lemma: ducenti; Part of Speech: numeral adjective; Form: nominative plural masculine; Function: modifies viri; Translation: two hundred; Notes: agrees with masculine plural noun.
  8. quinquaginta — Lemma: quinquaginta; Part of Speech: numeral adjective; Form: indeclinable; Function: modifies viri; Translation: fifty; Notes: remains unchanged regardless of case.
  9. viri — Lemma: vir; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative plural masculine; Function: core subject noun; Translation: men; Notes: denotes adult male individuals of standing.
  10. proceres — Lemma: procer; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative plural masculine; Function: apposition; Translation: leaders; Notes: indicates rank or authority.
  11. synagogæ — Lemma: synagoga; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular feminine; Function: genitive of possession; Translation: of the assembly; Notes: refers to the gathered community.
  12. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: coordinating conjunction; Function: links clauses; Translation: and; Notes: simple additive connection.
  13. qui — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: nominative plural masculine; Function: subject of relative clause; Translation: who; Notes: introduces descriptive clause.
  14. tempore — Lemma: tempus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular neuter; Function: ablative of time; Translation: at the time; Notes: indicates temporal setting.
  15. concilii — Lemma: concilium; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular neuter; Function: dependent genitive; Translation: of the council; Notes: refers to deliberative assembly.
  16. per — Lemma: per; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: takes accusative; Function: introduces manner; Translation: through; Notes: expresses means or method.
  17. nomina — Lemma: nomen; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural neuter; Function: object of preposition; Translation: names; Notes: indicates formal designation.
  18. vocabantur — Lemma: voco; Part of Speech: verb; Form: imperfect tense passive voice indicative mood third person plural; Function: verb of relative clause; Translation: were called; Notes: denotes customary or repeated naming in past context.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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