Exodus 37:5

Posted on March 28, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 37:5 et quos misit in annulos, qui erant in lateribus arcæ ad portandum eam.

and he inserted them into the rings that were on the sides of the ark, for carrying it.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 et and CONJ
2 quos which ACC.PL.M PRON.REL
3 misit he put / inserted 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND
4 in into PREP+ACC
5 annulos rings ACC.PL.M NOUN
6 qui which NOM.PL.M PRON.REL
7 erant were 3PL.IMPF.ACT.IND
8 in on PREP+ABL
9 lateribus sides ABL.PL.N NOUN
10 arcæ of the ark GEN.SG.F NOUN
11 ad for PREP+ACC
12 portandum for carrying SUP.ACC
13 eam it ACC.SG.F PRON.PERS

Syntax

Relative Construction:
quos misit in annulos — “which he inserted into the rings.”
• quos refers back to the poles.
• misit = main verb of the clause.
• in annulos = goal of motion with accusative.

Embedded Relative Clause:
qui erant in lateribus arcæ — “which were on the sides of the ark.”
• qui refers to annulos.
• in lateribus arcæ = location phrase describing ring placement.

Final Clause Using Supine:
ad portandum eam — “for carrying it.”
• ad + supine = purpose construction.
• eam refers to the ark.

Morphology

  1. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: connects the action with the preceding clause; Translation: and; Notes: additive linkage.
  2. quos — Lemma: qui, quae, quod; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: object of misit; Translation: which; Notes: refers to the poles.
  3. misit — Lemma: mitto; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 3rd singular perfect active indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: he inserted; Notes: perfect narrative action.
  4. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: expresses motion into; Translation: into; Notes: dynamic spatial preposition.
  5. annulos — Lemma: annulus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: object of in; Translation: rings; Notes: mounting rings for carrying-poles.
  6. qui — Lemma: qui, quae, quod; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: nominative plural masculine; Function: subject of erant; Translation: which; Notes: refers to the rings.
  7. erant — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 3rd plural imperfect active indicative; Function: verb of relative clause; Translation: were; Notes: describes ongoing placement.
  8. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: indicates location; Translation: on; Notes: static spatial preposition.
  9. lateribus — Lemma: latus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative plural neuter; Function: object of in; Translation: sides; Notes: structural sides of the ark.
  10. arcæ — Lemma: arca; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular feminine; Function: possession; Translation: of the ark; Notes: identifies the object whose sides are meant.
  11. ad — Lemma: ad; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: indicates purpose; Translation: for; Notes: classical supine construction marker.
  12. portandum — Lemma: porto; Part of Speech: verbal noun (supine); Form: supine accusative; Function: expresses purpose; Translation: for carrying; Notes: standard ad + supine purpose structure.
  13. eam — Lemma: is, ea, id; Part of Speech: personal pronoun; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: object of portandum; Translation: it; Notes: refers to the ark.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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