Genesis 36:28

Posted on February 5, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Gn 36:28 Habuit autem filios Disan: Hus, et Aram.

And Disan had sons: Hus and Aram.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Habuit had V.3SG.PERF.ACT.IND
2 autem however / also ADV
3 filios sons NOUN.ACC.PL.M
4 Disan Dishan PROP.NOUN.NOM.SG.M
5 Hus Uz PROP.NOUN.NOM.SG.M
6 et and CONJ
7 Aram Aran PROP.NOUN.NOM.SG.M

Syntax

Main Clause: Habuit autem filios Disan —
The verb Habuit (“had”) introduces a new genealogical statement. The subject is Disan (“Dishan”), the genitive filios serves as its direct object (“sons”), and autem acts as a connective adverb meaning “also” or “now,” continuing the lineage narrative.

Appositive List: Hus, et Aram —
Two coordinate nominative names identifying the sons of Dishan. Each name stands in apposition to filios, with et marking coordination.

Morphology

  1. Habuit — Lemma: habeō; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 3rd person singular perfect indicative active; Function: main verb; Translation: “had”; Notes: Perfect tense denotes a completed genealogical relationship (“he had sons”).
  2. autem — Lemma: autem; Part of Speech: adverb/conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: transitional connective; Translation: “however / also”; Notes: Indicates a continuation or addition in a narrative sequence.
  3. filios — Lemma: fīlius; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: direct object of habuit; Translation: “sons”; Notes: Introduces the offspring possessed by the subject.
  4. Disan — Lemma: Disan; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject of habuit; Translation: “Dishan”; Notes: Identifies the individual whose descendants are being enumerated.
  5. Hus — Lemma: Hus; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: appositive to filios; Translation: “Uz”; Notes: First son of Dishan, corresponding to Hebrew עוּץ (ʿUts).
  6. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: connects coordinate nouns; Translation: “and”; Notes: Links the two sons in a simple coordinated pair.
  7. Aram — Lemma: Aram; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: appositive to filios; Translation: “Aran”; Notes: Second son of Dishan; not to be confused with “Aram” the ancestor of the Arameans.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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