Leviticus 1:16

Posted on April 1, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 1:16 vesiculam vero gutturis, et plumas proiiciet prope altare ad orientalem plagam, in loco in quo cineres effundi solent,

but the small bag of the throat and the feathers he shall throw beside the altar on the eastern side, in the place where the ashes are accustomed to be poured out,

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 vesiculam small bag NOUN, ACC.SG.F, 1ST DECL
2 vero however / but ADV, INDECL
3 gutturis of the throat NOUN, GEN.SG.M, 3RD DECL
4 et and CONJ
5 plumas feathers NOUN, ACC.PL.F, 1ST DECL
6 proiiciet he shall throw VERB, 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND
7 prope near PREP+ACC
8 altare altar NOUN, ACC.SG.N, 3RD DECL
9 ad toward PREP+ACC
10 orientalem eastern ADJ, ACC.SG.F, POS
11 plagam side NOUN, ACC.SG.F, 1ST DECL
12 in in PREP+ABL
13 loco place NOUN, ABL.SG.M, 2ND DECL
14 in in which PREP+ABL
15 quo where PRON, ABL.SG.M/N, REL
16 cineres ashes NOUN, NOM.PL.M, 3RD DECL
17 effundi to be poured out VERB, PRES.PASS.INF
18 solent are accustomed VERB, 3PL.PRES.ACT.IND

Syntax

Main Clause: vesiculam vero gutturis et plumas proiiciet — direct objects vesiculam and plumas are thrown away as part of ritual purification.
Locative Phrase: prope altare — shows proximity to the altar.
Directional Phrase: ad orientalem plagam — specifies the east side of the altar, a fixed ritual location.
Relative Clause: in loco in quo cineres effundi solent — describes the established place for ash disposal.
Verb Construction: effundi solent — passive infinitive with solere expressing habitual action.

Morphology

  1. vesiculam — Lemma: vesicula; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: direct object; Translation: small bag; Notes: refers to the crop/throat-pouch removed in bird offerings.
  2. vero — Lemma: vero; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: contrastive emphasis; Translation: however; Notes: marks a shift in ritual procedure.
  3. gutturis — Lemma: guttur; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular neuter/masculine; Function: dependent genitive; Translation: of the throat; Notes: identifies anatomical component removed.
  4. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: joins two objects.
  5. plumas — Lemma: pluma; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural feminine; Function: direct object; Translation: feathers; Notes: removed before burning.
  6. proiiciet — Lemma: proicio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future active indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: he shall throw; Notes: disposal of non-burnable parts.
  7. prope — Lemma: prope; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: spatial relation; Translation: near; Notes: indicates proximity.
  8. altare — Lemma: altare; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: object of prope; Translation: altar; Notes: locus of sacrificial system.
  9. ad — Lemma: ad; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: direction; Translation: toward; Notes: introduces orientation.
  10. orientalem — Lemma: orientalis; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: modifies plagam; Translation: eastern; Notes: orienting ritual space.
  11. plagam — Lemma: plaga; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: object of ad; Translation: side; Notes: directional specification.
  12. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: locative; Translation: in; Notes: introduces specific location.
  13. loco — Lemma: locus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular masculine; Function: object of in; Translation: place; Notes: fixed disposal area.
  14. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: inside a relative clause; Translation: in; Notes: paired with quo.
  15. quo — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: ablative singular masculine/neuter; Function: introduces relative clause; Translation: where; Notes: refers back to loco.
  16. cineres — Lemma: cinis; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative plural masculine; Function: subject of solent; Translation: ashes; Notes: altar waste product.
  17. effundi — Lemma: effundo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present passive infinitive; Function: complement to solent; Translation: to be poured out; Notes: expresses customary action.
  18. solent — Lemma: soleo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person plural present active indicative; Function: main verb of relative clause; Translation: are accustomed; Notes: habitual ritual practice.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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