Numeri 7:11 (Numbers 7:11)

Posted on May 4, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

11 Dixitque Dominus ad Moysen: Singuli duces per singulos dies offerant munera in dedicationem altaris.

And the LORD said to Moyses: Let each of the leaders offer gifts, one by one day by day, for the dedication of the altar.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Dixitque and he said 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND
2 Dominus the LORD NOM.SG.M
3 ad to PREP+ACC
4 Moysen Moses ACC.SG.M
5 Singuli each NOM.PL.M
6 duces leaders NOM.PL.M
7 per through PREP+ACC
8 singulos each ACC.PL.M
9 dies days ACC.PL.M
10 offerant let them offer 3PL.PRES.ACT.SUBJ
11 munera gifts ACC.PL.N
12 in for PREP+ACC
13 dedicationem dedication ACC.SG.F
14 altaris of altar GEN.SG.N

Syntax

Introductory Clause: Dixitque Dominus ad Moysen — Dominus is the subject, Dixitque the verb, and ad Moysen the indirect object.

Main Clause: Singuli duces offerant munera — Singuli duces is the subject, offerant the subjunctive verb expressing command, and munera the direct object.

Distributive Phrase: per singulos dies indicates sequence or distribution over time.

Purpose Phrase: in dedicationem altaris expresses purpose.

Morphology

  1. Dixitque — Lemma: dico; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular perfect active indicative with enclitic conjunction; Function: main verb; Translation: and he said; Notes: -que connects with prior context.
  2. Dominus — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject; Translation: the LORD; Notes: Refers to YHWH.
  3. ad — Lemma: ad; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing accusative; Function: introduces indirect object; Translation: to; Notes: Direction of speech.
  4. Moysen — Lemma: Moyses; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: object of preposition; Translation: Moyses; Notes: Recipient.
  5. Singuli — Lemma: singulus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: nominative plural masculine; Function: modifies duces; Translation: each; Notes: Distributive sense.
  6. duces — Lemma: dux; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative plural masculine; Function: subject; Translation: leaders; Notes: Tribal chiefs.
  7. per — Lemma: per; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing accusative; Function: introduces phrase; Translation: through; Notes: Distribution.
  8. singulos — Lemma: singulus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: modifies dies; Translation: each; Notes: Repetition over time.
  9. dies — Lemma: dies; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: object of preposition; Translation: days; Notes: Time span.
  10. offerant — Lemma: offero; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person plural present active subjunctive; Function: main verb; Translation: let them offer; Notes: Jussive subjunctive expressing command.
  11. munera — Lemma: munus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural neuter; Function: direct object; Translation: gifts; Notes: Offerings.
  12. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing accusative; Function: introduces purpose; Translation: for; Notes: Indicates goal.
  13. dedicationem — Lemma: dedicatio; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: object of preposition; Translation: dedication; Notes: Ritual consecration.
  14. altaris — Lemma: altare; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular neuter; Function: modifies dedicationem; Translation: of altar; Notes: Specifies object.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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