Numeri 7:18 (Numbers 7:18)

Posted on May 4, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

18 Secundo die obtulit Nathanael filius Suar, dux de tribu Issachar,

On the second day Nathanael the son of Suar, a leader from the tribe of Issachar, offered,

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Secundo on second ABL.SG.M
2 die day ABL.SG.M
3 obtulit he offered 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND
4 Nathanael Nethanel NOM.SG.M
5 filius son NOM.SG.M
6 Suar Zuar GEN.SG INDECL
7 dux leader NOM.SG.M
8 de from PREP+ABL
9 tribu tribe ABL.SG.F
10 Issachar Issachar GEN.SG INDECL

Syntax

Temporal Phrase: Secundo die — ablative of time indicating when the action occurred.

Main Clause: obtulit Nathanael filius Suar — Nathanael filius Suar is the subject, obtulit the verb.

Apposition: dux further identifies the subject.

Prepositional Phrase: de tribu Issachar indicates tribal affiliation.

Morphology

  1. Secundo — Lemma: secundus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: ablative singular masculine; Function: modifies die; Translation: on second; Notes: Temporal expression.
  2. die — Lemma: dies; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular masculine; Function: ablative of time; Translation: day; Notes: Specifies timing.
  3. obtulit — Lemma: offero; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular perfect active indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: he offered; Notes: Completed action.
  4. Nathanael — Lemma: Nathanael; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject; Translation: Nathanael; Notes: Tribal leader.
  5. filius — Lemma: filius; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: apposition; Translation: son; Notes: Indicates lineage.
  6. Suar — Lemma: Suar; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: genitive singular indeclinable; Function: modifies filius; Translation: of Suar; Notes: Father’s name.
  7. dux — Lemma: dux; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: apposition; Translation: leader; Notes: Role/title.
  8. de — Lemma: de; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing ablative; Function: introduces origin; Translation: from; Notes: Indicates source.
  9. tribu — Lemma: tribus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular feminine; Function: object of preposition; Translation: tribe; Notes: Group affiliation.
  10. Issachar — Lemma: Issachar; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: genitive singular indeclinable; Function: modifies tribu; Translation: of Issachar; Notes: Tribal name.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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