Exodus 12:50

Posted on March 3, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 12:50 Feceruntque omnes filii Israel sicut præceperat Dominus Moysi et Aaron.

And all the sons of Israel did as the LORD had commanded Moyses and Aaron.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Feceruntque and they did 3PL.PERF.ACT.IND
2 omnes all ADJ.NOM.PL.M
3 filii sons NOUN.NOM.PL.M
4 Israel Israel NOUN.GEN.SG.M/INVAR
5 sicut just as CONJ
6 præceperat had commanded 3SG.PLUPERF.ACT.IND
7 Dominus the LORD NOUN.NOM.SG.M
8 Moysi to Moses NOUN.DAT.SG.M
9 et and CONJ
10 Aaron Aaron NOUN.DAT.SG.M/INVAR

Syntax

Main Clause: Feceruntque omnes filii Israel — subject omnes filii Israel + verb fecerunt with enclitic -que (“and”).
Comparative clause: sicut præceperat Dominus Moysi et Aaron — subordinate clause expressing manner.
Verb of clause: præceperat governs the indirect objects Moysi and Aaron.

Morphology

  1. Feceruntque — Lemma: facio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: perfect active indicative third person plural with enclitic -que; Function: main verb; Translation: “and they did”; Notes: -que links this action with previous narrative.
  2. omnes — Lemma: omnis; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: nominative plural masculine; Function: modifies filii; Translation: “all”; Notes: emphasizes total participation.
  3. filii — Lemma: filius; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative plural masculine; Function: subject; Translation: “sons”; Notes: collective term for Israelites.
  4. Israel — Lemma: Israel; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: genitive singular (indeclinable); Function: genitive of possession modifying filii; Translation: “of Israel”; Notes: Hebrew name used as genitive.
  5. sicut — Lemma: sicut; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: introduces comparative clause; Translation: “just as”; Notes: expresses conformity.
  6. præceperat — Lemma: præcipio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: pluperfect active indicative third person singular; Function: verb of subordinate clause; Translation: “had commanded”; Notes: prior command precedes Israel’s action.
  7. Dominus — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject of præceperat; Translation: “the LORD”; Notes: refers to YHWH.
  8. Moysi — Lemma: Moyses; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: dative singular masculine; Function: indirect object; Translation: “to Moses”; Notes: recipient of the command.
  9. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: links indirect objects; Translation: “and”; Notes: coordinates recipients.
  10. Aaron — Lemma: Aaron; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: dative singular masculine (indeclinable form in Latin); Function: indirect object; Translation: “to Aaron”; Notes: co-recipient with Moses.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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