Leviticus 3:9

Posted on April 3, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 3:9 Et offerent de pacificorum hostia sacrificium Domino: adipem et caudam totam

And from the sacrifice of the peace offerings they shall offer to the LORD: the fat and the whole tail

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Et and CONJ
2 offerent they shall offer VERB, 3PL.FUT.ACT.IND
3 de from PREP+ABL
4 pacificorum of the peace offerings ADJ, GEN.PL.M/N, POS
5 hostia sacrifice NOUN, ABL.SG.F, 1ST DECL
6 sacrificium a sacrificial portion NOUN, ACC.SG.N, 2ND DECL
7 Domino to the LORD NOUN, DAT.SG.M, 2ND DECL
8 adipem fat NOUN, ACC.SG.M, 3RD DECL
9 et and CONJ
10 caudam tail NOUN, ACC.SG.F, 1ST DECL
11 totam whole ADJ, ACC.SG.F, POS

Syntax

Main Clause: Et offerent … sacrificium Domino — the priests (implicit subject) present a sacrificial portion to the LORD.
Prepositional Phrase: de pacificorum hostia — specifies that the offering comes from the peace-offering animal.
Direct Objects: adipem et caudam totam — identifies the exact pieces offered.
Word Order: Sacrificial terminology proceeds from source → action → recipient → specific items.

Morphology

  1. Et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: links this law to preceding verse; Translation: and; Notes: continues procedural instructions.
  2. offerent — Lemma: offero; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person plural future active indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: they shall offer; Notes: refers to Aaron’s sons acting as priests.
  3. de — Lemma: de; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: expresses source; Translation: from; Notes: standard sacrificial usage.
  4. pacificorum — Lemma: pacificus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: genitive plural masculine/neuter; Function: modifies hostia; Translation: of the peace offerings; Notes: technical category of communion sacrifices.
  5. hostia — Lemma: hostia; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular feminine; Function: object of de; Translation: sacrifice; Notes: refers to the animal itself.
  6. sacrificium — Lemma: sacrificium; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: direct object of offerent; Translation: sacrificial portion; Notes: here denotes the part taken from the larger offering.
  7. Domino — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: dative singular masculine; Function: indirect object; Translation: to the LORD; Notes: refers to YHWH and thus translated “LORD.”
  8. adipem — Lemma: adeps; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: direct object; Translation: fat; Notes: refers to the fatty portions strictly reserved for the altar.
  9. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordinates objects; Translation: and; Notes: joins adipem and caudam.
  10. caudam — Lemma: cauda; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: direct object; Translation: tail; Notes: refers to the broad fat-tail typical of Near Eastern sheep.
  11. totam — Lemma: totus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: modifies caudam; Translation: whole; Notes: stresses completeness of the offering portion.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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