Leviticus 11:41

Posted on April 11, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 11:41 Omne quod reptat super terram, abominabile erit, nec assumetur in cibum.

Everything that creeps upon the earth, shall be abominable, and it shall not be taken for food.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Omne everything NOM.SG.N
2 quod that which REL.NOM.SG.N
3 reptat creeps 3SG.PRES.ACT.IND
4 super upon PREP+ACC
5 terram earth ACC.SG.F
6 abominabile abominable NOM.SG.N
7 erit will be 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND
8 nec and not CONJ
9 assumetur will be taken 3SG.FUT.PASS.IND
10 in for PREP+ACC
11 cibum food ACC.SG.M

Syntax

Main Subject: Omne quod reptat super terram — comprehensive category of creeping creatures
Main Predicate: abominabile erit — declaration of ritual status
Negative Consequence: nec assumetur in cibum — prohibition of consumption

Morphology

  1. Omne — Lemma: omnis; Part of Speech: adjective used substantively; Form: nominative neuter singular; Function: subject; Translation: everything; Notes: Establishes total scope without exception.
  2. quod — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: nominative neuter singular; Function: subject of the relative clause; Translation: that which; Notes: Defines the class included.
  3. reptat — Lemma: repo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular present active indicative; Function: verb of relative clause; Translation: creeps; Notes: Describes ground movement characteristic.
  4. super — Lemma: super; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: spatial relation; Translation: upon; Notes: Indicates surface contact.
  5. terram — Lemma: terra; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative feminine singular; Function: object of super; Translation: earth; Notes: Ground surface.
  6. abominabile — Lemma: abominabilis; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: nominative neuter singular; Function: predicate adjective; Translation: abominable; Notes: Strong term of ritual rejection.
  7. erit — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future active indicative; Function: copula; Translation: will be; Notes: Establishes binding legal status.
  8. nec — Lemma: nec; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: negative coordination; Translation: and not; Notes: Extends the prohibition negatively.
  9. assumetur — Lemma: assumo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future passive indicative; Function: prohibited action; Translation: will be taken; Notes: Passive expresses general legal ban.
  10. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: purpose; Translation: for; Notes: Indicates intended use.
  11. cibum — Lemma: cibus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative masculine singular; Function: object of in; Translation: food; Notes: Consumption context.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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