Leviticus 11:44

Posted on April 11, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 11:44 Ego enim sum Dominus Deus vester: sancti estote, quia ego sanctus sum. Ne polluatis animas vestras in omni reptili quod movetur super terram.

For I am the LORD your God; be holy, because I am holy. Do not defile your souls with any creeping thing that moves upon the earth.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Ego I NOM.SG
2 enim for CONJ
3 sum am 1SG.PRES.ACT.IND
4 Dominus LORD NOM.SG.M
5 Deus God NOM.SG.M
6 vester your NOM.SG.M.POSS
7 sancti holy NOM.PL.M
8 estote be 2PL.FUT.ACT.IMP
9 quia because CONJ
10 ego I NOM.SG
11 sanctus holy NOM.SG.M
12 sum am 1SG.PRES.ACT.IND
13 Ne do not CONJ
14 polluatis defile 2PL.PRES.ACT.SUBJ
15 animas souls ACC.PL.F
16 vestras your ACC.PL.F.POSS
17 in with PREP+ABL
18 omni any ABL.SG.N
19 reptili creeping thing ABL.SG.N
20 quod that which REL.NOM.SG.N
21 movetur moves 3SG.PRES.PASS.IND
22 super upon PREP+ACC
23 terram earth ACC.SG.F

Syntax

Ground Clause: Ego enim sum Dominus Deus vester — self identification establishing authority
Imperative Exhortation: sancti estote — call to holiness
Causal Clause: quia ego sanctus sum — divine holiness as the reason
Negative Command: Ne polluatis animas vestras — prohibition expressed with ne and subjunctive
Specification: in omni reptili quod movetur super terram — scope of the prohibition

Morphology

  1. Ego — Lemma: ego; Part of Speech: personal pronoun; Form: nominative singular; Function: subject; Translation: I; Notes: Emphatic self reference.
  2. enim — Lemma: enim; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: explanatory connector; Translation: for; Notes: Introduces the reason.
  3. sum — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: first person singular present active indicative; Function: copula; Translation: am; Notes: States identity.
  4. Dominus — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative masculine singular; Function: predicate noun; Translation: LORD; Notes: Refers to YHWH.
  5. Deus — Lemma: Deus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative masculine singular; Function: apposition; Translation: God; Notes: Further defines Dominus.
  6. vester — Lemma: vester; Part of Speech: possessive adjective; Form: nominative masculine singular; Function: modifier; Translation: your; Notes: Covenant relationship.
  7. sancti — Lemma: sanctus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: nominative masculine plural; Function: predicate adjective; Translation: holy; Notes: Moral and ritual separation.
  8. estote — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: second person plural future active imperative; Function: command; Translation: be; Notes: Imperative of obligation.
  9. quia — Lemma: quia; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: causal connector; Translation: because; Notes: Grounds the command.
  10. ego — Lemma: ego; Part of Speech: personal pronoun; Form: nominative singular; Function: subject; Translation: I; Notes: Repetition for emphasis.
  11. sanctus — Lemma: sanctus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: nominative masculine singular; Function: predicate adjective; Translation: holy; Notes: Attribute of God.
  12. sum — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: first person singular present active indicative; Function: copula; Translation: am; Notes: Asserts divine quality.
  13. Ne — Lemma: ne; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: negative command; Translation: do not; Notes: Governs subjunctive.
  14. polluatis — Lemma: polluo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: second person plural present active subjunctive; Function: prohibitive; Translation: defile; Notes: Ritual contamination.
  15. animas — Lemma: anima; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative feminine plural; Function: direct object; Translation: souls; Notes: Life and inner being.
  16. vestras — Lemma: vester; Part of Speech: possessive adjective; Form: accusative feminine plural; Function: modifier; Translation: your; Notes: Addresses the community.
  17. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: means or association; Translation: with; Notes: Instrumental sense.
  18. omni — Lemma: omnis; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: ablative neuter singular; Function: modifier; Translation: any; Notes: No exceptions allowed.
  19. reptili — Lemma: reptile; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative neuter singular; Function: object of in; Translation: creeping thing; Notes: Category of animals.
  20. quod — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: nominative neuter singular; Function: subject of relative clause; Translation: that which; Notes: Defines reptili.
  21. movetur — Lemma: moveo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular present passive indicative; Function: verb of description; Translation: moves; Notes: Passive describing motion.
  22. super — Lemma: super; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: spatial relation; Translation: upon; Notes: Surface movement.
  23. terram — Lemma: terra; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative feminine singular; Function: object of super; Translation: earth; Notes: Ground surface.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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