Leviticus 23:43

Posted on April 23, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 23:43 ut discant posteri vestri quod in tabernaculis habitare fecerim filios Israel, cum educerem eos de Terra Ægypti. ego Dominus Deus vester.

so that your descendants may learn that I caused the sons of Israel to dwell in booths, when I brought them out from the Land of Egypt. I am the LORD your God.’”

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 ut so that CONJ
2 discant they may learn 3PL.PRES.ACT.SUBJ
3 posteri descendants NOM.PL.M
4 vestri your NOM.PL.M.POSS
5 quod that CONJ
6 in in PREP+ABL
7 tabernaculis booths ABL.PL.N
8 habitare to dwell INF.PRES.ACT
9 fecerim I caused 1SG.PERF.ACT.SUBJ
10 filios sons ACC.PL.M
11 Israel Israel INDECL.PROP
12 cum when CONJ
13 educerem I brought out 1SG.IMPERF.ACT.SUBJ
14 eos them ACC.PL.M.PERS
15 de from PREP+ABL
16 Terra land ABL.SG.F
17 Ægypti of Egypt GEN.SG.F
18 ego I NOM.SG.PERS
19 Dominus LORD NOM.SG.M
20 Deus God NOM.SG.M
21 vester your NOM.SG.M.POSS

Syntax

Purpose Clause: ut discant posteri vestri — subjunctive clause expressing the didactic purpose of the command.
Content Clause: quod in tabernaculis habitare fecerim filios Israel — declarative clause explaining what is to be learned.
Causative Construction: habitare fecerim — infinitive with a causative verb indicating compelled dwelling.
Temporal Clause: cum educerem eos de Terra Ægypti — circumstantial subjunctive setting the historical context.
Self-Identification: ego Dominus Deus vester — emphatic nominative clause asserting divine authority and covenant identity.

Morphology

  1. ut — Lemma: ut; Part of Speech: Conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: introduces purpose; Translation: “so that”; Notes: Governs the following subjunctive.
  2. discant — Lemma: disco; Part of Speech: Verb; Form: third person plural present active subjunctive; Function: verb of purpose; Translation: “they may learn”; Notes: Expresses intended outcome.
  3. posteri — Lemma: posterus; Part of Speech: Noun (substantivized adjective); Form: nominative masculine plural; Function: subject; Translation: “descendants”; Notes: Refers to later generations.
  4. vestri — Lemma: vester; Part of Speech: Possessive adjective; Form: nominative masculine plural; Function: modifies posteri; Translation: “your”; Notes: Identifies the covenant community.
  5. quod — Lemma: quod; Part of Speech: Conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: introduces content clause; Translation: “that”; Notes: Explains what is to be learned.
  6. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: Preposition; Form: governing the ablative; Function: location; Translation: “in”; Notes: Marks place of dwelling.
  7. tabernaculis — Lemma: tabernaculum; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: ablative neuter plural; Function: object of in; Translation: “booths”; Notes: Temporary shelters of the feast.
  8. habitare — Lemma: habito; Part of Speech: Infinitive; Form: present active infinitive; Function: complementary infinitive; Translation: “to dwell”; Notes: Dependent on a causative verb.
  9. fecerim — Lemma: facio; Part of Speech: Verb; Form: first person singular perfect active subjunctive; Function: causative verb within content clause; Translation: “I caused”; Notes: Subjunctive used in reported content following discant.
  10. filios — Lemma: filius; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: accusative masculine plural; Function: object of causation; Translation: “sons”; Notes: Represents the people collectively.
  11. Israel — Lemma: Israel; Part of Speech: Proper noun; Form: indeclinable; Function: apposition to filios; Translation: “Israel”; Notes: Covenant nation.
  12. cum — Lemma: cum; Part of Speech: Conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: introduces temporal clause; Translation: “when”; Notes: Sets historical background.
  13. educerem — Lemma: educo; Part of Speech: Verb; Form: first person singular imperfect active subjunctive; Function: verb of temporal clause; Translation: “I brought out”; Notes: Subjunctive expressing circumstance.
  14. eos — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: Personal pronoun; Form: accusative masculine plural; Function: direct object; Translation: “them”; Notes: Refers to Israel.
  15. de — Lemma: de; Part of Speech: Preposition; Form: governing the ablative; Function: source; Translation: “from”; Notes: Indicates point of departure.
  16. Terra — Lemma: terra; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: ablative feminine singular; Function: object of de; Translation: “land”; Notes: Geographical reference.
  17. Ægypti — Lemma: Ægyptus; Part of Speech: Proper noun; Form: genitive feminine singular; Function: dependent genitive; Translation: “of Egypt”; Notes: Place of former bondage.
  18. ego — Lemma: ego; Part of Speech: Personal pronoun; Form: nominative singular; Function: emphatic subject; Translation: “I”; Notes: Emphasis on divine speaker.
  19. Dominus — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: nominative masculine singular; Function: predicate nominative; Translation: “LORD”; Notes: Refers to YHWH.
  20. Deus — Lemma: Deus; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: nominative masculine singular; Function: apposition; Translation: “God”; Notes: Clarifies divine identity.
  21. vester — Lemma: vester; Part of Speech: Possessive adjective; Form: nominative masculine singular; Function: modifies Deus; Translation: “your”; Notes: Expresses covenant relationship.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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