Leviticus 23:44

Posted on April 23, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 23:44 Locutusque est Moyses super sollemnitatibus Domini ad filios Israel.

And Moyses spoke concerning the solemn festivals of the LORD to the sons of Israel.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Locutusque and spoke NOM.SG.M.PTCP.PERF.DEP+CONJ
2 est is 3SG.PRES.ACT.IND
3 Moyses Moses NOM.SG.M
4 super concerning PREP+ABL
5 sollemnitatibus solemn festivals ABL.PL.F
6 Domini of the LORD GEN.SG.M
7 ad to PREP+ACC
8 filios sons ACC.PL.M
9 Israel Israel INDECL.PROP

Syntax

Main Clause: Locutus est Moyses — deponent perfect with auxiliary forming the narrative action.
Topic Phrase: super sollemnitatibus Domini — prepositional phrase indicating subject matter.
Indirect Object: ad filios Israel — preposition with accusative marking the audience addressed.

Morphology

  1. Locutusque — Lemma: loquor; Part of Speech: Deponent verb (perfect participle) with enclitic conjunction; Form: nominative masculine singular perfect deponent participle + -que; Function: main verbal element with coordination; Translation: “and having spoken / and spoke”; Notes: Deponent participle functions with est to form the perfect tense.
  2. est — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: Verb; Form: third person singular present active indicative; Function: auxiliary verb; Translation: “is”; Notes: Combines with locutus to express completed action.
  3. Moyses — Lemma: Moyses; Part of Speech: Proper noun; Form: nominative masculine singular; Function: subject; Translation: “Moses”; Notes: Covenant mediator and speaker.
  4. super — Lemma: super; Part of Speech: Preposition; Form: governing the ablative; Function: topic or subject matter; Translation: “concerning”; Notes: Common usage meaning “about” in instructional contexts.
  5. sollemnitatibus — Lemma: sollemnitas; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: ablative feminine plural; Function: object of super; Translation: “solemn festivals”; Notes: Refers to the appointed sacred feasts.
  6. Domini — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: genitive masculine singular; Function: possessive genitive; Translation: “of the LORD”; Notes: Refers to YHWH as the owner and institutor of the feasts.
  7. ad — Lemma: ad; Part of Speech: Preposition; Form: governing the accusative; Function: direction toward audience; Translation: “to”; Notes: Marks the recipients of the instruction.
  8. filios — Lemma: filius; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: accusative masculine plural; Function: object of ad; Translation: “sons”; Notes: Collective designation for the people.
  9. Israel — Lemma: Israel; Part of Speech: Proper noun; Form: indeclinable; Function: apposition to filios; Translation: “Israel”; Notes: The covenant nation addressed.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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