Numeri 8:5 (Numbers 8:5)

Posted on May 5, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Nm 8:5 Et locutus est Dominus ad Moysen, dicens:

And the LORD spoke to Moyses, saying:

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Et and CONJ
2 locutus having spoken NOM.SG.M PERF.DEP.PTCP
3 est he is 3SG.PRES.ACT.IND
4 Dominus LORD NOM.SG.M
5 ad to PREP+ACC
6 Moysen Moses ACC.SG.M
7 dicens saying NOM.SG.M PRES.ACT.PTCP

Syntax

Main Clause: Et locutus est Dominus ad Moysen — perfect deponent construction indicating completed divine speech.

Participial Clause: dicens — introduces the content of the speech that follows.

Morphology

  1. Et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: —; Function: links clause; Translation: and; Notes: Continuation of narrative.
  2. locutus — Lemma: loquor; Part of Speech: deponent participle; Form: nominative singular masculine perfect participle; Function: with est; Translation: having spoken; Notes: Deponent with active meaning.
  3. est — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 3rd person singular present active indicative; Function: auxiliary; Translation: is; Notes: Forms perfect tense.
  4. Dominus — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject; Translation: LORD; Notes: Refers to YHWH.
  5. ad — Lemma: ad; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing accusative; Function: introduces indirect object; Translation: to; Notes: Direction.
  6. Moysen — Lemma: Moyses; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: object of preposition; Translation: Moyses; Notes: Recipient.
  7. dicens — Lemma: dico; Part of Speech: participle; Form: nominative singular masculine present active participle; Function: modifies Dominus; Translation: saying; Notes: Introduces speech.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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