Numeri 11:28 (Numbers 11:28)

Posted on May 8, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Nm 11:28 Statim Iosue filius Nun, minister Moysi, et electus e pluribus, ait: Domine mi Moyses prohibe eos.

Immediately Josue son of Nun, minister of Moyses, and chosen from many, said: “My lord Moyses, restrain them.”

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Statim immediately ADV
2 Iosue Joshua NOM.SG.M
3 filius son NOM.SG.M
4 Nun Nun INDECL
5 minister minister NOM.SG.M
6 Moysi of Moses GEN.SG.M
7 et and CONJ
8 electus chosen NOM.SG.M.PERF.PASS.PTCP
9 e from PREP+ABL
10 pluribus many ABL.PL.M
11 ait said 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND
12 Domine lord VOC.SG.M
13 mi my VOC.SG.M.POSS
14 Moyses Moyses VOC.SG.M
15 prohibe restrain 2SG.PRES.ACT.IMP.MOOD
16 eos them ACC.PL.M

Syntax

Main Clause: Iosue is the subject, and ait is the verb. Statim functions adverbially, indicating immediacy.

Appositional Phrase: filius Nun and minister Moysi and electus e pluribus are appositional descriptors of Iosue, providing identity and qualification.

Direct Address: Domine mi Moyses forms a vocative expression addressing Moyses directly.

Imperative Clause: prohibe eos is a command. prohibe is the imperative verb, and eos is the direct object.

Morphology

  1. Statim — Lemma: statim; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: indeclinable; Function: modifies ait; Translation: immediately; Notes: Indicates urgency in response.
  2. Iosue — Lemma: Iosue; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject; Translation: Josue; Notes: Latin form of Joshua.
  3. filius — Lemma: filius; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: apposition to Iosue; Translation: son; Notes: Identifies lineage.
  4. Nun — Lemma: Nun; Part of Speech: noun; Form: indeclinable proper noun; Function: dependent of filius; Translation: Nun; Notes: Proper name.
  5. minister — Lemma: minister; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: apposition; Translation: minister; Notes: Indicates service role.
  6. Moysi — Lemma: Moyses; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: dependent genitive; Translation: of Moses; Notes: Shows relationship.
  7. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: coordinating; Function: joins descriptors; Translation: and; Notes: Links titles.
  8. electus — Lemma: eligō; Part of Speech: verb; Form: nominative singular masculine perfect passive participle; Function: apposition; Translation: chosen; Notes: Indicates selection.
  9. e — Lemma: ex; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: introduces source; Translation: from; Notes: Marks origin.
  10. pluribus — Lemma: multus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: ablative plural masculine comparative; Function: object of e; Translation: many; Notes: Comparative used substantively.
  11. ait — Lemma: aiō; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular perfect active indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: said; Notes: Narrative speech verb.
  12. Domine — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: vocative singular masculine; Function: direct address; Translation: lord; Notes: Respectful address.
  13. mi — Lemma: meus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: vocative singular masculine possessive; Function: modifies Domine; Translation: my; Notes: Expresses personal relation.
  14. Moyses — Lemma: Moyses; Part of Speech: noun; Form: vocative singular masculine; Function: direct address; Translation: Moyses; Notes: Identifies the addressee.
  15. prohibe — Lemma: prohibeō; Part of Speech: verb; Form: second person singular present active imperative; Function: command; Translation: restrain; Notes: Direct imperative.
  16. eos — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: object of prohibe; Translation: them; Notes: Refers to Eldad and Medad.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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