Exodus 11:8

Posted on March 2, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 11:8 Descendentque omnes servi tui isti ad me, et adorabunt me, dicentes: Egredere tu, et omnis populus qui subiectus est tibi: post hæc egrediemur.

And all these your servants will come down to me, and they will bow before me, saying: “Go out, you and all the people who are subject to you.” After this, we will go out.’”

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Descendentque and they will come down 3PL.FUT.ACT.IND + ENCLITIC
2 omnes all NOM.PL.M
3 servi servants NOM.PL.M
4 tui your GEN.SG.M
5 isti these NOM.PL.M.DEMONSTR
6 ad to PREP+ACC
7 me me ACC.SG
8 et and CONJ
9 adorabunt they will bow 3PL.FUT.ACT.IND
10 me me ACC.SG
11 dicentes saying NOM.PL.M.PRES.ACT.PTCP
12 Egredere go out 2SG.PRES.DEP.IMP
13 tu you NOM.SG
14 et and CONJ
15 omnis all NOM.SG.M
16 populus people NOM.SG.M
17 qui who NOM.SG.M.REL
18 subiectus subject NOM.SG.M.PERF.PTCP
19 est is 3SG.PRES.ACT.IND
20 tibi to you DAT.SG
21 post after PREP+ACC
22 hæc these things ACC.PL.N.DEMONSTR
23 egrediemur we will go out 1PL.FUT.DEP.IND

Syntax

Main Future Action:
• Descendentque omnes servi tui isti ad me — “And all these your servants will come down to me”
• Verb: Descendent
• Subject: omnes servi tui isti
• Goal: ad me

Second Future Action:
• et adorabunt me — “and they will bow to me”

Supplementary Participle:
• dicentes — introduces reported imperative speech

Quoted Command:
• Egredere tu — “Go out, you”
• et omnis populus qui subiectus est tibi
• expansive subject including a relative clause describing the people.

Final Future Statement:
• post hæc egrediemur — “after this, we will go out”

Morphology

  1. Descendentque — Lemma: descendo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: future active indicative 3rd plural + enclitic -que; Function: main verb; Translation: “and they will come down”; Notes: connects with previous prophecy.
  2. omnes — Lemma: omnis; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: nominative plural masculine; Function: modifies servi; Translation: “all”; Notes: total inclusion.
  3. servi — Lemma: servus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative plural masculine; Function: subject of descendent; Translation: “servants”; Notes: Egyptian officials.
  4. tui — Lemma: tuus; Part of Speech: possessive adjective; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: modifies servi; Translation: “your”; Notes: addressing Pharaoh.
  5. isti — Lemma: iste; Part of Speech: demonstrative adjective; Form: nominative plural masculine; Function: intensifies servants; Translation: “these”; Notes: proximal reference.
  6. ad — Lemma: ad; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: direction; Translation: “to”; Notes: expresses movement.
  7. me — Lemma: ego; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: accusative singular; Function: object of ad and adorabunt; Translation: “me”; Notes: refers to Moses.
  8. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: coordinating; Function: links verbs; Translation: “and”; Notes: simple connector.
  9. adorabunt — Lemma: adoro; Part of Speech: verb; Form: future active indicative 3rd plural; Function: second main verb; Translation: “they will bow”; Notes: expresses submission.
  10. me — Lemma: ego; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: accusative singular; Function: object of adorabunt; Translation: “me”; Notes: repeated object.
  11. dicentes — Lemma: dico; Part of Speech: participle; Form: nominative plural masculine present active participle; Function: supplementary participle; Translation: “saying”; Notes: introduces quoted speech.
  12. Egredere — Lemma: egredior; Part of Speech: deponent verb; Form: present imperative 2nd singular; Function: quoted command; Translation: “go out”; Notes: addressed to Moses.
  13. tu — Lemma: tu; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: nominative singular; Function: emphatic subject of egredere; Translation: “you”; Notes: reinforcing addressee.
  14. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: coordinating; Function: introduces parallel subject; Translation: “and”; Notes: joins imperative objects.
  15. omnis — Lemma: omnis; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: modifies populus; Translation: “all”; Notes: comprehensive modifier.
  16. populus — Lemma: populus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject of implied egredere; Translation: “people”; Notes: the Israelite nation.
  17. qui — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: introduces relative clause; Translation: “who”; Notes: refers to populus.
  18. subiectus — Lemma: subiicio; Part of Speech: participle; Form: nominative singular masculine perfect passive participle; Function: predicate with est; Translation: “subject”; Notes: describes position under Moses.
  19. est — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present active indicative 3rd singular; Function: linking verb; Translation: “is”; Notes: forms periphrastic expression.
  20. tibi — Lemma: tu; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: dative singular; Function: indirect object; Translation: “to you”; Notes: refers to Moses.
  21. post — Lemma: post; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: temporal marker; Translation: “after”; Notes: connects with hæc.
  22. hæc — Lemma: hic; Part of Speech: demonstrative pronoun; Form: accusative plural neuter; Function: object of post; Translation: “these things”; Notes: events previously described.
  23. egrediemur — Lemma: egredior; Part of Speech: deponent verb; Form: future indicative 1st plural; Function: main verb of concluding clause; Translation: “we will go out”; Notes: spoken by Egyptians in prophecy.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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