Exodus 11:7

Posted on March 2, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 11:7 Apud omnes autem filios Israel non mutiet canis ab homine usque ad pecus: ut sciatis quanto miraculo dividat Dominus Ægyptios et Israel.

But among all the sons of Israel not even a dog will growl, from man to livestock, so that you may know with what a wonder the LORD makes a distinction between the Egyptians and Israel.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Apud among PREP+ACC
2 omnes all ACC.PL.M
3 autem however ADV
4 filios sons ACC.PL.M
5 Israel Israel ACC.SG.M
6 non not ADV.NEG
7 mutiet will growl 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND
8 canis dog NOM.SG.M
9 ab from PREP+ABL
10 homine man ABL.SG.M
11 usque up to ADV/PREP
12 ad to PREP+ACC
13 pecus livestock ACC.SG.N
14 ut so that CONJ
15 sciatis you may know 2PL.PRES.ACT.SUBJ
16 quanto by how great ABL.SG.N/INTERROG
17 miraculo a wonder ABL.SG.N
18 dividat he separates 3SG.PRES.ACT.SUBJ
19 Dominus the LORD NOM.SG.M
20 Ægyptios the Egyptians ACC.PL.M
21 et and CONJ
22 Israel Israel ACC.SG.M

Syntax

Locative Frame:
• Apud omnes filios Israel — “Among all the sons of Israel”
• Preposition + accusative indicating sphere or domain.

Main Clause:
• non mutiet canis — “not even a dog will growl”
• Verb: mutiet (future)
• Subject: canis

Range of Silence:
• ab homine usque ad pecus — “from man to livestock”
• full range of living beings unaffected.

Purpose Clause (ut + subjunctive):
• ut sciatis — “so that you may know”
• Content: quanto miraculo dividat Dominus Ægyptios et Israel
• “by what wonder the LORD separates the Egyptians and Israel”

Morphology

  1. Apud — Lemma: apud; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: indicates among/in the domain of; Translation: “among”; Notes: marks sphere of action.
  2. omnes — Lemma: omnis; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: modifies filios; Translation: “all”; Notes: totality emphasis.
  3. autem — Lemma: autem; Part of Speech: adversative particle; Form: postpositive adverb; Function: introduces contrast; Translation: “however”; Notes: soft contrast marker.
  4. filios — Lemma: filius; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: object of apud; Translation: “sons”; Notes: refers to Israelites.
  5. Israel — Lemma: Israel; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: modifies filios; Translation: “Israel”; Notes: refers to the people as a collective.
  6. non — Lemma: non; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: negative; Function: negates mutiet; Translation: “not”; Notes: absolute negation.
  7. mutiet — Lemma: mutio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: future active indicative 3rd singular; Function: main verb; Translation: “will growl”; Notes: metaphor for total calm/protection.
  8. canis — Lemma: canis; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject; Translation: “dog”; Notes: proverbial expression for complete peace.
  9. ab — Lemma: ab; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: starting point; Translation: “from”; Notes: marks beginning of range.
  10. homine — Lemma: homo; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular masculine; Function: object of ab; Translation: “man”; Notes: human category.
  11. usque — Lemma: usque; Part of Speech: adverb/preposition; Form: range marker; Function: indicates endpoint; Translation: “up to”; Notes: used with ad.
  12. ad — Lemma: ad; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: direction toward; Translation: “to”; Notes: part of range phrase.
  13. pecus — Lemma: pecus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: endpoint of range; Translation: “livestock”; Notes: general term for animals.
  14. ut — Lemma: ut; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: introduces purpose clause; Function: purpose; Translation: “so that”; Notes: governs subjunctive.
  15. sciatis — Lemma: scio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present active subjunctive 2nd plural; Function: verb of purpose clause; Translation: “you may know”; Notes: expresses intended understanding.
  16. quanto — Lemma: quantus; Part of Speech: interrogative/relative adjective; Form: ablative singular neuter; Function: ablative of means; Translation: “by how great”; Notes: expresses degree of wonder.
  17. miraculo — Lemma: miraculum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular neuter; Function: ablative of means; Translation: “a wonder”; Notes: supernatural act of YHWH.
  18. dividat — Lemma: divido; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present active subjunctive 3rd singular; Function: verb governed by quanto miraculo; Translation: “he separates”; Notes: separation as divine intervention.
  19. Dominus — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject of dividat; Translation: “the LORD”; Notes: refers to YHWH.
  20. Ægyptios — Lemma: Ægyptius; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: object of dividat; Translation: “the Egyptians”; Notes: first group separated.
  21. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: coordinating; Function: joins objects; Translation: “and”; Notes: simple connector.
  22. Israel — Lemma: Israel; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: second object of dividat; Translation: “Israel”; Notes: covenant people distinguished.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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