Exodus 13:19

Posted on March 4, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 13:19 Tulit quoque Moyses ossa Ioseph secum: eo quod adiurasset filios Israel, dicens: Visitabit vos Deus, efferte ossa mea hinc vobiscum.

And Moyses also took the bones of Joseph with him, because he had made the sons of Israel swear, saying: “God will visit you; carry my bones from here with you.”

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Tulit he took 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND
2 quoque also ADV
3 Moyses Moses NOUN.NOM.SG.M
4 ossa bones NOUN.ACC.PL.N
5 Ioseph of Joseph NOUN.GEN.SG.M
6 secum with him ADV/PRON.COMBINATION
7 eo because ADV
8 quod that CONJ
9 adiurasset had made swear 3SG.PLUPERF.ACT.SUBJ
10 filios sons NOUN.ACC.PL.M
11 Israel of Israel NOUN.GEN.SG.M
12 dicens saying PART.PRES.ACT.NOM.SG.M
13 Visitabit will visit 3SG.FUT.ACT.IND
14 vos you PRON.ACC.PL
15 Deus God NOUN.NOM.SG.M
16 efferte carry out 2PL.PRES.ACT.IMP
17 ossa bones NOUN.ACC.PL.N
18 mea my ADJ.ACC.PL.N
19 hinc from here ADV
20 vobiscum with you ADV/PRON.COMBINATION

Syntax

Main clause: Tulit quoque Moyses ossa Ioseph secum — Tulit verb; Moyses subject; ossa Ioseph object; secum expresses accompaniment.
Causal clause: eo quod adiurasset filios Israel — adiurasset is the verb; filios Israel object.
Participial clause: dicens introduces direct speech.
Quoted content: Visitabit vos Deus — Deus subject; Visitabit verb; vos object.
Imperative clause: efferte ossa mea hinc vobiscum — command directed to Israel.

Morphology

  1. Tulit — Lemma: tollo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: perfect active indicative third person singular; Function: main verb; Translation: “he took”; Notes: narrative perfect.
  2. quoque — Lemma: quoque; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: indeclinable; Function: adds emphasis “also”; Translation: “also”; Notes: attaches to Tulit.
  3. Moyses — Lemma: Moyses; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject; Translation: “Moses”; Notes: leader of Israel.
  4. ossa — Lemma: os; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural neuter; Function: object of tulit; Translation: “bones”; Notes: collective plural.
  5. Ioseph — Lemma: Ioseph; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: dependent genitive; Translation: “of Joseph”; Notes: patriarch’s remains.
  6. secum — Lemma: se + cum; Part of Speech: adverbial pronoun combination; Form: fixed form; Function: expresses accompaniment; Translation: “with him”; Notes: reflexive to subject.
  7. eo — Lemma: eo; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: indeclinable; Function: introduces cause; Translation: “because”; Notes: forms causal pair with quod.
  8. quod — Lemma: quod; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: completes causal expression; Translation: “that”; Notes: introduces subordinate clause.
  9. adiurasset — Lemma: adiuro; Part of Speech: verb; Form: pluperfect active subjunctive third person singular; Function: verb of subordinate clause; Translation: “had made swear”; Notes: solemn adjuration.
  10. filios — Lemma: filius; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: object of adiurasset; Translation: “sons”; Notes: refers to Israel’s descendants.
  11. Israel — Lemma: Israel; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: modifies filios; Translation: “of Israel”; Notes: ethnic/genetic designation.
  12. dicens — Lemma: dico; Part of Speech: participle; Form: present active participle nominative singular masculine; Function: introduces direct speech; Translation: “saying”; Notes: contemporaneous action.
  13. Visitabit — Lemma: visito; Part of Speech: verb; Form: future active indicative third person singular; Function: verb of quoted statement; Translation: “he will visit”; Notes: divine intervention.
  14. vos — Lemma: vos; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: accusative plural; Function: object of Visitabit; Translation: “you”; Notes: refers to Israelites.
  15. Deus — Lemma: Deus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject of Visitabit; Translation: “God”; Notes: YHWH.
  16. efferte — Lemma: effero; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present active imperative second person plural; Function: command; Translation: “carry out”; Notes: urgent directive.
  17. ossa — Lemma: os; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural neuter; Function: object of efferte; Translation: “bones”; Notes: Joseph’s request.
  18. mea — Lemma: meus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: accusative plural neuter; Function: modifies ossa; Translation: “my”; Notes: possessive.
  19. hinc — Lemma: hinc; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: indeclinable; Function: indicates origin; Translation: “from here”; Notes: emphasizes removal.
  20. vobiscum — Lemma: vos + cum; Part of Speech: adverbial pronoun combination; Form: fixed form; Function: expresses accompaniment; Translation: “with you”; Notes: marks collective responsibility.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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