Exodus 25:13

Posted on March 16, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 25:13 Facies quoque vectes de lignis setim, et operies eos auro.

And you shall also make poles of setim wood, and you shall overlay them with gold.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Facies you shall make 2SG.FUT.ACT.IND
2 quoque also ADV
3 vectes poles ACC.PL.M.NOUN.3RD DECL
4 de from PREP+ABL
5 lignis woods ABL.PL.N.NOUN.3RD DECL
6 setim setim / acacia ABL.PL.N.INVAR
7 et and CONJ
8 operies you shall overlay 2SG.FUT.ACT.IND
9 eos them ACC.PL.M.PRON
10 auro with gold ABL.SG.N.NOUN.2ND DECL

Syntax

Main coordinated commands: Facies and operies give two construction directives.
Material phrase: de lignis setim indicates the substance from which the poles are crafted.
Object phrase: vectes serves as the direct object of facies.
Pronoun object: eos refers back to the poles, receiving the action of operies.
Instrumental ablative: auro indicates the gilding material.

Morphology

  1. Facies — Lemma: facio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: second singular future active indicative; Function: command; Translation: you shall make; Notes: instructions to Moses.
  2. quoque — Lemma: quoque; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: indeclinable; Function: adds additional command; Translation: also; Notes: extends instruction series.
  3. vectes — Lemma: vectis; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: direct object; Translation: poles; Notes: used for carrying the ark.
  4. de — Lemma: de; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: expresses source; Translation: from; Notes: material origin.
  5. lignis — Lemma: lignum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative plural neuter; Function: object of de; Translation: woods; Notes: general material term.
  6. setim — Lemma: setim; Part of Speech: indeclinable noun; Form: invariable ablative; Function: specifies type of wood; Translation: acacia; Notes: durable temple-wood.
  7. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: links verbs; Translation: and; Notes: coordinates actions.
  8. operies — Lemma: operio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: second singular future active indicative; Function: command; Translation: you shall overlay; Notes: gilding instruction.
  9. eos — Lemma: is, ea, id; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: direct object; Translation: them; Notes: refers to poles.
  10. auro — Lemma: aurum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular neuter; Function: ablative of instrument; Translation: with gold; Notes: gilding material.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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