Exodus 35:10

Posted on March 26, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Ex 35:10 Quisque vestrum sapiens est, veniat, et faciat quod Dominus imperavit:

‘Whoever among you is wise, let him come and make what the LORD has commanded:

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Quisque whoever NOM.SG.M PRON.INDEF
2 vestrum of you GEN.PL.M PRON.POSS
3 sapiens wise NOM.SG.M ADJ.POS 3RD DECL
4 est is 3SG.PRES.ACT.IND
5 veniat let him come 3SG.PRES.ACT.SUBJ
6 et and CONJ
7 faciat let him make 3SG.PRES.ACT.SUBJ
8 quod what ACC.SG.N PRON.REL
9 Dominus the LORD NOM.SG.M NOUN 2ND DECL
10 imperavit has commanded 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND 1ST CONJ

Syntax

Main Construction:
Quisque vestrum sapiens est — “whoever among you is wise.”
Quisque acts as a substantive indefinite pronoun governing vestrum (“of you”).

Volitive Subjunctives:
veniat and faciat — both express commands or invitations:
“let him come, and let him make.”

Relative Object Clause:
quod Dominus imperavit — “what the LORD has commanded.”
quod introduces a substantive relative clause functioning as the object of faciat.

Morphology

  1. Quisque — Lemma: quisque; Part of Speech: pronoun (indefinite); Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject; Translation: whoever; Notes: used distributively—“each one.”
  2. vestrum — Lemma: vester; Part of Speech: possessive pronoun; Form: genitive plural masculine; Function: dependent genitive with quisque; Translation: of you; Notes: expresses the group from which “whoever” is drawn.
  3. sapiens — Lemma: sapiens; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: predicate adjective; Translation: wise; Notes: acts substantively.
  4. est — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 3rd person singular present active indicative; Function: linking verb; Translation: is; Notes: standard copula.
  5. veniat — Lemma: veniō; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 3rd person singular present active subjunctive; Function: jussive subjunctive; Translation: let him come; Notes: expresses command directed at “whoever is wise.”
  6. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: joins coordinated subjunctives; Translation: and; Notes: simple connector.
  7. faciat — Lemma: faciō; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 3rd person singular present active subjunctive; Function: second jussive; Translation: let him make; Notes: refers to constructing the commanded items.
  8. quod — Lemma: quī, quae, quod; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: object of the understood action; Translation: what; Notes: introduces substantive clause.
  9. Dominus — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject of imperavit; Translation: the LORD; Notes: refers to YHWH.
  10. imperavit — Lemma: imperō; Part of Speech: verb; Form: 3rd person singular perfect active indicative; Function: main verb of relative clause; Translation: has commanded; Notes: perfect aspect emphasizes completed divine instruction.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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