Genesis 36:18

Posted on February 5, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Gn 36:18 Hi autem filii Oolibama uxoris Esau: dux Iehus, dux Ihelon, dux Core. hi duces Oolibama filiæ Anæ uxoris Esau.

These are the sons of Oolibama, the wife of Esau: duke Jehus, duke Ihelon, duke Core. These are the dukes of Oolibama, daughter of Ana, wife of Esau.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Hi these PRON.DEM.NOM.PL.M
2 autem however / now ADV
3 filii sons NOUN.NOM.PL.M
4 Oolibama of Oholibamah PROP.NOUN.GEN.SG.F
5 uxoris of the wife NOUN.GEN.SG.F
6 Esau of Esau PROP.NOUN.GEN.SG.M
7 dux duke/chief NOUN.NOM.SG.M
8 Iehus Jeush PROP.NOUN.NOM.SG.M
9 dux duke/chief NOUN.NOM.SG.M
10 Ihelon Jaalam PROP.NOUN.NOM.SG.M
11 dux duke/chief NOUN.NOM.SG.M
12 Core Korah PROP.NOUN.NOM.SG.M
13 hi these PRON.DEM.NOM.PL.M
14 duces dukes/chiefs NOUN.NOM.PL.M
15 Oolibama of Oholibamah PROP.NOUN.GEN.SG.F
16 filiæ of the daughter NOUN.GEN.SG.F
17 Anæ of Anah PROP.NOUN.GEN.SG.F
18 uxoris of the wife NOUN.GEN.SG.F
19 Esau of Esau PROP.NOUN.GEN.SG.M

Syntax

Clause 1: Hi autem filii Oolibama uxoris Esau —
Demonstrative Hi as subject, filii as predicate nominative, Oolibama uxoris Esau as genitival chain identifying maternal and marital relation (“These are the sons of Oholibamah, the wife of Esau”).

Appositive List: dux Iehus, dux Ihelon, dux Core —
Nominative pairs of title and name denoting the tribal leaders descended from Oholibamah.

Clause 2: hi duces Oolibama filiæ Anæ uxoris Esau —
Parallel structure with hi as subject, duces as predicate nominative, and a series of genitives marking lineage: Oolibama (possessor), filiæ Anæ (her descent), and uxoris Esau (her marital relation).

Morphology

  1. Hi — Lemma: hic, haec, hoc; Part of Speech: demonstrative pronoun; Form: nominative plural masculine; Function: subject of implied sunt; Translation: “these”; Notes: Introduces the section describing Oholibamah’s lineage.
  2. autem — Lemma: autem; Part of Speech: postpositive conjunction/adverb; Form: indeclinable; Function: transitional particle; Translation: “however / now”; Notes: Connects with the preceding genealogical sequence.
  3. filii — Lemma: fīlius; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative plural masculine; Function: predicate nominative; Translation: “sons”; Notes: Identifies Oholibamah’s male descendants.
  4. Oolibama — Lemma: Oolibama; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: genitive singular feminine; Function: genitive of possession modifying filii; Translation: “of Oholibamah”; Notes: Denotes the maternal ancestry.
  5. uxoris — Lemma: uxor; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular feminine; Function: genitive apposition; Translation: “of the wife”; Notes: Defines Oholibamah’s relation to Esau.
  6. Esau — Lemma: Esau; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: dependent genitive; Translation: “of Esau”; Notes: Marks Esau as the husband and ancestor.
  7. dux — Lemma: dux; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: title before name; Translation: “chief”; Notes: Used as formal designation for clan heads.
  8. Iehus — Lemma: Iehus; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: appositive; Translation: “Jeush”; Notes: First son and chief listed under Oholibamah’s lineage.
  9. dux — Lemma: dux; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: title; Translation: “chief”; Notes: Repeated formula in genealogical structure.
  10. Ihelon — Lemma: Ihelon; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: appositive; Translation: “Jaalam”; Notes: Second chief among Oholibamah’s sons.
  11. dux — Lemma: dux; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: title before the last name; Translation: “chief”; Notes: Third repetition establishing pattern of leadership.
  12. Core — Lemma: Core; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: appositive; Translation: “Korah”; Notes: Third son and chief of Oholibamah’s family group.
  13. hi — Lemma: hic, haec, hoc; Part of Speech: demonstrative pronoun; Form: nominative plural masculine; Function: subject of sunt (understood); Translation: “these”; Notes: Resumes the list for summarizing statement.
  14. duces — Lemma: dux; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative plural masculine; Function: predicate nominative; Translation: “chiefs”; Notes: Denotes collective authority of listed figures.
  15. Oolibama — Lemma: Oolibama; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: genitive singular feminine; Function: genitive of possession; Translation: “of Oholibamah”; Notes: Refers back to their mother.
  16. filiæ — Lemma: fīlia; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular feminine; Function: genitive in apposition; Translation: “of the daughter”; Notes: Establishes Oholibamah’s descent.
  17. Anæ — Lemma: Ana; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: genitive singular feminine; Function: dependent genitive with filiæ; Translation: “of Anah”; Notes: Names Oholibamah’s mother or lineage ancestor.
  18. uxoris — Lemma: uxor; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular feminine; Function: genitive in apposition with Oolibama; Translation: “of the wife”; Notes: Specifies Oholibamah’s marital relation to Esau.
  19. Esau — Lemma: Esau; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: dependent genitive; Translation: “of Esau”; Notes: Completes genealogical formula linking to Esau’s household.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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