Leviticus 10:9

Posted on April 10, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 10:9 Vinum, et omne quod inebriare potest, non bibetis tu et filii tui, quando intratis in tabernaculum testimonii, ne moriamini: quia præceptum sempiternum est in generationes vestras.

Wine, and everything that can intoxicate, you shall not drink you and your sons, when you enter the tabernacle of testimony, lest you die; because it is a perpetual command throughout your generations.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Vinum wine NOM.SG.N
2 et and CONJ
3 omne everything NOM.SG.N
4 quod that which REL.NOM.SG.N
5 inebriāre to intoxicate PRES.ACT.INF
6 potest is able 3SG.PRES.ACT.IND
7 non not ADV
8 bibetis you shall drink 2PL.FUT.ACT.IND
9 tu you NOM.SG
10 et and CONJ
11 filii sons NOM.PL.M
12 tui your NOM.PL.M.POSS
13 quando when ADV
14 intratis you enter 2PL.PRES.ACT.IND
15 in into PREP+ACC
16 tabernaculum the tabernacle ACC.SG.N
17 testimonii of testimony GEN.SG.N
18 ne lest CONJ
19 moriamini you die 2PL.PRES.SUBJ.DEP
20 quia because CONJ
21 præceptum command NOM.SG.N
22 sempiternum perpetual NOM.SG.N
23 est is 3SG.PRES.ACT.IND
24 in throughout PREP+ACC
25 generationes generations ACC.PL.F
26 vestras your ACC.PL.F.POSS

Syntax

Main Prohibition: Vinum et omne quod inebriare potest non bibetis — absolute ban
Appositional Subjects: tu et filii tui — priest and sons
Temporal Clause: quando intratis in tabernaculum testimonii — time of restriction
Negative Purpose: ne moriamini — prevention of death
Causal Statement: quia præceptum sempiternum est — enduring authority
Scope: in generationes vestras — perpetual applicability

Morphology

  1. Vinum — Lemma: vinum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative neuter singular; Function: subject; Translation: wine; Notes: Primary intoxicant addressed.
  2. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Links items.
  3. omne — Lemma: omnis; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: nominative neuter singular; Function: substantive modifier; Translation: everything; Notes: Broadens the scope.
  4. quod — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: nominative neuter singular; Function: introduces relative clause; Translation: that which; Notes: Defines intoxicants.
  5. inebriāre — Lemma: inebrio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present active infinitive; Function: complementary infinitive; Translation: to intoxicate; Notes: Effect-based definition.
  6. potest — Lemma: possum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular present active indicative; Function: predicate of ability; Translation: is able; Notes: Capacity emphasized.
  7. non — Lemma: non; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: negation; Translation: not; Notes: Absolute denial.
  8. bibetis — Lemma: bibo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: second person plural future active indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: you shall drink; Notes: Future prohibition.
  9. tu — Lemma: tu; Part of Speech: personal pronoun; Form: nominative singular; Function: appositional subject; Translation: you; Notes: Direct address to Aaron.
  10. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Links persons.
  11. filii — Lemma: filius; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative masculine plural; Function: appositional subject; Translation: sons; Notes: Priestly lineage.
  12. tui — Lemma: tuus; Part of Speech: possessive adjective; Form: nominative masculine plural; Function: modifies filii; Translation: your; Notes: Familial relation.
  13. quando — Lemma: quando; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: invariable; Function: temporal marker; Translation: when; Notes: Specifies circumstance.
  14. intratis — Lemma: intro; Part of Speech: verb; Form: second person plural present active indicative; Function: verb of temporal clause; Translation: you enter; Notes: Cultic action.
  15. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: motion into; Translation: into; Notes: Direction.
  16. tabernaculum — Lemma: tabernaculum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative neuter singular; Function: object of motion; Translation: the tabernacle; Notes: Sacred dwelling.
  17. testimonii — Lemma: testimonium; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive neuter singular; Function: modifier; Translation: of testimony; Notes: Covenant witness.
  18. ne — Lemma: ne; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: negative purpose; Translation: lest; Notes: Preventive warning.
  19. moriamini — Lemma: morior; Part of Speech: deponent verb; Form: second person plural present subjunctive; Function: purpose clause verb; Translation: you die; Notes: Lethal consequence.
  20. quia — Lemma: quia; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: causal; Translation: because; Notes: Grounds the command.
  21. præceptum — Lemma: præceptum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative neuter singular; Function: subject; Translation: command; Notes: Binding ordinance.
  22. sempiternum — Lemma: sempiternus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: nominative neuter singular; Function: predicate adjective; Translation: perpetual; Notes: Enduring validity.
  23. est — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular present active indicative; Function: copula; Translation: is; Notes: States permanence.
  24. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: extent; Translation: throughout; Notes: Temporal-spatial scope.
  25. generationes — Lemma: generatio; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative feminine plural; Function: object of in; Translation: generations; Notes: Successive descendants.
  26. vestras — Lemma: vester; Part of Speech: possessive adjective; Form: accusative feminine plural; Function: modifies generationes; Translation: your; Notes: Priestly line addressed.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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