Leviticus 11:22

Posted on April 11, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 11:22 comedere debetis, ut est bruchus in genere suo, et attacus atque ophiomachus, ac locusta, singula iuxta genus suum.

you may eat them, such as the bruchus in its kind, and the attacus and the ophiomachus, and the locust, each one according to its kind.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 comedere to eat INF.ACT
2 debetis you must 2PL.PRES.ACT.IND
3 ut as CONJ
4 est is 3SG.PRES.ACT.IND
5 bruchus bruchus NOM.SG.M
6 in in PREP+ABL
7 genere kind ABL.SG.N
8 suo its ABL.SG.N.POSS
9 et and CONJ
10 attacus attacus NOM.SG.M
11 atque and CONJ
12 ophiomachus ophiomachus NOM.SG.M
13 ac and CONJ
14 locusta locust NOM.SG.F
15 singula each NOM.SG.F
16 iuxta according to PREP+ACC
17 genus kind ACC.SG.N
18 suum its ACC.SG.N.POSS

Syntax

Infinitival Permission: comedere debetis — legal allowance expressed as obligation
Exemplification: ut est bruchus — introduces representative species
Coordinated List: attacus atque ophiomachus ac locusta — additional permitted insects
Distributive Qualification: singula iuxta genus suum — each permitted according to its species

Morphology

  1. comedere — Lemma: comedo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: present active infinitive; Function: complementary infinitive; Translation: to eat; Notes: Expresses permitted consumption.
  2. debetis — Lemma: debeo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: second person plural present active indicative; Function: verbal obligation; Translation: you must; Notes: Legal framing of permission.
  3. ut — Lemma: ut; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: exemplifying link; Translation: as; Notes: Introduces examples.
  4. est — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular present active indicative; Function: copula; Translation: is; Notes: Links exemplar to class.
  5. bruchus — Lemma: bruchus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative masculine singular; Function: subject of exemplar clause; Translation: bruchus; Notes: A locust type permitted for consumption.
  6. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: classification; Translation: in; Notes: Indicates category.
  7. genere — Lemma: genus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative neuter singular; Function: object of in; Translation: kind; Notes: Taxonomic grouping.
  8. suo — Lemma: suus; Part of Speech: possessive adjective; Form: ablative neuter singular; Function: modifier of genere; Translation: its; Notes: Distributive reference.
  9. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Joins list items.
  10. attacus — Lemma: attacus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative masculine singular; Function: coordinated subject; Translation: attacus; Notes: Identified insect permitted.
  11. atque — Lemma: atque; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: close coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Strong connective.
  12. ophiomachus — Lemma: ophiomachus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative masculine singular; Function: coordinated subject; Translation: ophiomachus; Notes: Traditional insect name in Vulgate lists.
  13. ac — Lemma: ac; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: coordination; Translation: and; Notes: Adds final item.
  14. locusta — Lemma: locusta; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative feminine singular; Function: coordinated subject; Translation: locust; Notes: Common edible insect.
  15. singula — Lemma: singulus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: nominative feminine singular; Function: distributive modifier; Translation: each; Notes: Applies individually to each species.
  16. iuxta — Lemma: iuxta; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs accusative; Function: standard of classification; Translation: according to; Notes: Species delimitation.
  17. genus — Lemma: genus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative neuter singular; Function: object of iuxta; Translation: kind; Notes: Taxonomic category.
  18. suum — Lemma: suus; Part of Speech: possessive adjective; Form: accusative neuter singular; Function: modifier of genus; Translation: its; Notes: Distributive ownership.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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