Leviticus 2:13

Posted on April 2, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Lv 2:13 Quidquid obtuleris sacrificii, sale condies, nec auferes sal fœderis Dei tui de sacrificio tuo. In omni oblatione tua offeres sal.

Whatever sacrifice you offer, you shall season it with salt, and you shall not remove the salt of the covenant of your God from your sacrifice. In every one of your offerings you shall present salt.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Quidquid whatever PRON, NOM/ACC.SG.N, INDEF
2 obtuleris you shall offer VERB, 2SG.FUTP.ACT.IND
3 sacrificii of sacrifice NOUN, GEN.SG.N, 2ND DECL
4 sale with salt NOUN, ABL.SG.N, 3RD DECL
5 condies you shall season VERB, 2SG.FUT.ACT.IND
6 nec nor CONJ
7 auferes you shall remove VERB, 2SG.FUT.ACT.IND
8 sal salt NOUN, ACC.SG.N, 3RD DECL
9 fœderis of the covenant NOUN, GEN.SG.N, 3RD DECL
10 Dei of God NOUN, GEN.SG.M, 2ND DECL
11 tui your PRON, GEN.SG.M, POSS
12 de from PREP+ABL
13 sacrificio sacrifice NOUN, ABL.SG.N, 2ND DECL
14 tuo your PRON, ABL.SG.N, POSS
15 In in PREP+ABL
16 omni every ADJ, ABL.SG.F, POS
17 oblatione offering NOUN, ABL.SG.F, 3RD DECL
18 tua your PRON, ABL.SG.F, POSS
19 offeres you shall offer VERB, 2SG.FUT.ACT.IND
20 sal salt NOUN, ACC.SG.N, 3RD DECL

Syntax

Conditional-Universal Clause: Quidquid obtuleris sacrificii — “Whatever sacrifice you shall offer,” with Quidquid as indefinite subject and obtuleris as future-perfect expressing legal conditions.
Main Predicate: sale condies — the worshiper “shall season it with salt.”
Negative Clause: nec auferes sal fœderis Dei tui — prohibition against removing the covenantal salt.
Source Phrase: de sacrificio tuo — indicates what must not be lacking from the offering.
General Rule: In omni oblatione tua offeres sal — a universal requirement that salt accompany every offering.

Morphology

  1. Quidquid — Lemma: quisquis; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: nominative/accusative singular neuter indefinite; Function: subject of the clause; Translation: whatever; Notes: introduces a general legal condition.
  2. obtuleris — Lemma: offero; Part of Speech: verb; Form: second person singular future perfect active indicative; Function: verb of conditional-clause; Translation: you shall offer; Notes: signals a completed ritual act.
  3. sacrificii — Lemma: sacrificium; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular neuter; Function: partitive genitive; Translation: of sacrifice; Notes: refers to any sacrificial category.
  4. sale — Lemma: sal; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular neuter; Function: ablative of instrument; Translation: with salt; Notes: salt symbolizes covenant permanence.
  5. condies — Lemma: condio; Part of Speech: verb; Form: second person singular future active indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: you shall season; Notes: commands ritual preparation.
  6. nec — Lemma: nec; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: invariable; Function: joins prohibitions; Translation: nor; Notes: extends earlier command.
  7. auferes — Lemma: aufero; Part of Speech: verb; Form: second person singular future active indicative; Function: negative command; Translation: you shall remove; Notes: forbids omission of required salt.
  8. sal — Lemma: sal; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: direct object; Translation: salt; Notes: the “salt of the covenant.”
  9. fœderis — Lemma: foedus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular neuter; Function: genitive of quality; Translation: of the covenant; Notes: evokes covenant permanence and loyalty.
  10. Dei — Lemma: Deus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: possessive genitive; Translation: of God; Notes: refers to the LORD.
  11. tui — Lemma: tuus; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: possessive modifier; Translation: your; Notes: attaches the covenant to the worshiper’s God.
  12. de — Lemma: de; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: indicates removal; Translation: from; Notes: salt must never be missing.
  13. sacrificio — Lemma: sacrificium; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular neuter; Function: object of de; Translation: sacrifice; Notes: context of the prohibited removal.
  14. tuo — Lemma: tuus; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: ablative singular neuter; Function: modifies sacrificio; Translation: your; Notes: applies obligation to the worshiper.
  15. In — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: locative rule; Translation: in; Notes: universalizes the command.
  16. omni — Lemma: omnis; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: ablative singular feminine; Function: modifies oblatione; Translation: every; Notes: totalizes the requirement.
  17. oblatione — Lemma: oblatio; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular feminine; Function: object of in; Translation: offering; Notes: refers to any sacrificial gift.
  18. tua — Lemma: tuus; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: ablative singular feminine; Function: possessive; Translation: your; Notes: stresses personal obligation.
  19. offeres — Lemma: offero; Part of Speech: verb; Form: second person singular future active indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: you shall offer; Notes: future imperative-like instruction.
  20. sal — Lemma: sal; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: direct object; Translation: salt; Notes: salt is universally required for every offering.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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