Numeri 14:23 (Numbers 14:23)

Posted on May 11, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Nm 14:23 non videbunt Terram pro qua iuravi patribus eorum, nec quisquam ex illis qui detraxit mihi, intuebitur eam.

they shall not see the Land for which I swore to their fathers, nor shall any of those who have detracted from me look upon it.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 non not ADV
2 videbunt they will see 3PL.FUT.ACT.IND
3 Terram Land ACC.SG.F.NOUN
4 pro for PREP+ABL
5 qua which ABL.SG.F.REL.PRON
6 iuravi I swore 1SG.PERF.ACT.IND
7 patribus to fathers DAT.PL.M.NOUN
8 eorum their GEN.PL.PERS.PRON
9 nec nor CONJ
10 quisquam anyone NOM.SG.M.INDEF.PRON
11 ex from PREP+ABL
12 illis those ABL.PL.M.DEM.PRON
13 qui who NOM.SG.M.REL.PRON
14 detraxit has detracted 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND
15 mihi from me DAT.SG.PERS.PRON
16 intuebitur will look upon 3SG.FUT.DEP.IND
17 eam it ACC.SG.F.PERS.PRON

Syntax

Main Clause 1: non videbunt Terram — videbunt is the verb; Terram is the direct object.

Relative Clause: pro qua iuravi patribus eorum — modifies Terram; qua is governed by pro; iuravi is the verb.

Coordinated Clause: nec quisquam ex illis — introduces second subject.

Relative Clause: qui detraxit mihi — modifies quisquam.

Main Clause 2: intuebitur eam — intuebitur is deponent verb; eam is the object.

Morphology

  1. non — Lemma: non; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: indeclinable; Function: negation; Translation: not; Notes: Negates the future verb.
  2. videbunt — Lemma: video; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person plural future active indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: they will see; Notes: Expresses future denial.
  3. Terram — Lemma: terra; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: direct object; Translation: Land; Notes: Refers to promised land.
  4. pro — Lemma: pro; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: takes ablative; Function: introduces phrase; Translation: for; Notes: Indicates reference.
  5. qua — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: ablative singular feminine; Function: object of pro; Translation: which; Notes: Refers to Terram.
  6. iuravi — Lemma: iuro; Part of Speech: verb; Form: first person singular perfect active indicative; Function: verb of clause; Translation: I swore; Notes: Divine oath.
  7. patribus — Lemma: pater; Part of Speech: noun; Form: dative plural masculine; Function: indirect object; Translation: to fathers; Notes: Recipients of promise.
  8. eorum — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: genitive plural; Function: modifies patribus; Translation: their; Notes: Indicates possession.
  9. nec — Lemma: nec; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: negative coordination; Translation: nor; Notes: Adds second negative clause.
  10. quisquam — Lemma: quisquam; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject; Translation: anyone; Notes: Indefinite pronoun.
  11. ex — Lemma: ex; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: takes ablative; Function: introduces phrase; Translation: from; Notes: Indicates source.
  12. illis — Lemma: ille; Part of Speech: demonstrative pronoun; Form: ablative plural masculine; Function: object of ex; Translation: those; Notes: Refers to group.
  13. qui — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject; Translation: who; Notes: Refers to quisquam.
  14. detraxit — Lemma: detraho; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular perfect active indicative; Function: verb; Translation: has detracted; Notes: Expresses past action.
  15. mihi — Lemma: ego; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: dative singular; Function: indirect object; Translation: from me; Notes: Dative of disadvantage.
  16. intuebitur — Lemma: intueor; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular future deponent indicative; Function: main verb; Translation: will look upon; Notes: Deponent verb with active meaning.
  17. eam — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: direct object; Translation: it; Notes: Refers to the land.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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