Numeri 15:22 (Numbers 15:22)

Posted on May 12, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Nm 15:22 Quod si per ignorantiam præterieritis quidquam horum, quæ locutus est Dominus ad Moysen,

But if through ignorance you shall have overlooked anything of these things which the LORD spoke to Moyses,

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Quod but if CONJ
2 si if CONJ
3 per through PREP+ACC
4 ignorantiam ignorance ACC.SG.F.1ST DECL
5 præterieritis you shall have passed over 2PL.FUTP.ACT.IND
6 quidquam anything ACC.SG.N.INDEF.PRON
7 horum of these GEN.PL.N.DEM.PRON
8 quæ which NOM.PL.N.REL.PRON
9 locutus spoken NOM.SG.M.PERF.DEP.PTCP
10 est is 3SG.PRES.ACT.IND
11 Dominus the LORD NOM.SG.M.2ND DECL
12 ad to PREP+ACC
13 Moysen Moses ACC.SG.M.3RD DECL

Syntax

Conditional Clause: Quod si per ignorantiam præterieritis quidquam introduces the condition, “but if you shall have overlooked anything through ignorance.”

Partitive Genitive: quidquam horum expresses “anything of these things.”

Relative Clause: quæ locutus est Dominus ad Moysen modifies horum, specifying the commands spoken by the LORD.

Morphology

  1. Quod — Lemma: quod; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: subordinating conjunction; Function: introduces conditional nuance with si; Translation: but if; Notes: Strengthens the conditional force of the clause.
  2. si — Lemma: si; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: subordinating conjunction; Function: introduces condition; Translation: if; Notes: Marks a hypothetical situation.
  3. per — Lemma: per; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing the accusative; Function: introduces means or cause; Translation: through; Notes: Indicates the manner or cause of the action.
  4. ignorantiam — Lemma: ignorantia; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular feminine first declension; Function: object of per; Translation: ignorance; Notes: Specifies lack of knowledge as the cause.
  5. præterieritis — Lemma: prætereo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: second person plural future perfect active indicative; Function: verb of conditional clause; Translation: you shall have passed over; Notes: Indicates omission or neglect of required action.
  6. quidquam — Lemma: quidquam; Part of Speech: indefinite pronoun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: direct object; Translation: anything; Notes: Refers to any unspecified element.
  7. horum — Lemma: hic; Part of Speech: demonstrative pronoun; Form: genitive plural neuter; Function: partitive genitive; Translation: of these; Notes: Refers to the set of commandments.
  8. quæ — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: nominative plural neuter; Function: subject of relative clause; Translation: which; Notes: Refers back to horum.
  9. locutus — Lemma: loquor; Part of Speech: participle; Form: nominative singular masculine perfect deponent participle; Function: part of verb phrase with est; Translation: spoken; Notes: Deponent verb with active meaning.
  10. est — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular present active indicative; Function: auxiliary verb; Translation: is; Notes: Forms the perfect tense with locutus.
  11. Dominus — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine second declension; Function: subject of relative clause; Translation: the LORD; Notes: Refers to YHWH.
  12. ad — Lemma: ad; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governing the accusative; Function: introduces indirect object; Translation: to; Notes: Indicates direction of speech.
  13. Moysen — Lemma: Moyses; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: accusative singular masculine third declension; Function: object of ad; Translation: Moyses; Notes: Latin form of Moses.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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