Numeri 21:16 (Numbers 21:16)

Posted on May 18, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Nm 21:16 Ex eo loco apparuit puteus, super quo locutus est Dominus ad Moysen: Congrega populum, et dabo ei aquam.

From that place the well appeared, concerning which the LORD spoke to Moyses: “Gather the people together, and I will give it water.”

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Ex from PREP+ABL
2 eo that ABL.SG.M
3 loco place ABL.SG.M
4 apparuit appeared 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND
5 puteus well NOM.SG.M
6 super concerning PREP+ABL
7 quo which REL.ABL.SG.M
8 locutus spoken PERF.DEP.PTCP.NOM.SG.M
9 est is 3SG.PRES.ACT.IND
10 Dominus the LORD NOM.SG.M
11 ad to PREP+ACC
12 Moysen Moses ACC.SG.M
13 Congrega gather together 2SG.PRES.ACT.IMP.MOOD
14 populum people ACC.SG.M
15 et and CONJ
16 dabo I will give 1SG.FUT.ACT.IND
17 ei to it DAT.SG
18 aquam water ACC.SG.F

Syntax

Main Clause: puteus apparuit expresses the appearance of the well.

Source Phrase: Ex eo loco identifies the place from which the well appeared.

Relative Clause: super quo locutus est Dominus ad Moysen explains that the LORD had spoken concerning the well.

Prepositional Phrase: ad Moysen identifies Moyses as the recipient of the divine speech.

Imperative Clause: Congrega populum commands Moyses to assemble the people.

Future Clause: dabo ei aquam states the LORD’s promise to provide water.

Morphology

  1. Ex — Lemma: ex; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: preposition governing the ablative; Function: introduces source phrase; Translation: “from”; Notes: expresses movement or emergence from a place.
  2. eo — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: ablative singular masculine demonstrative; Function: modifies loco; Translation: “that”; Notes: points to the previously mentioned location.
  3. loco — Lemma: locus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: ablative singular masculine; Function: object of Ex; Translation: “place”; Notes: identifies the geographical source point.
  4. apparuit — Lemma: appareo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular perfect active indicative; Function: main narrative verb; Translation: “appeared”; Notes: marks the visible manifestation or discovery of the well.
  5. puteus — Lemma: puteus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject of apparuit; Translation: “well”; Notes: source of water provided for the people.
  6. super — Lemma: super; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: preposition governing the ablative; Function: introduces reference phrase; Translation: “concerning”; Notes: here expresses the topic about which speech occurred.
  7. quo — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: relative ablative singular masculine; Function: object of super; Translation: “which”; Notes: refers back to puteus.
  8. locutus — Lemma: loquor; Part of Speech: verb; Form: perfect deponent participle nominative singular masculine; Function: forms compound perfect with est; Translation: “spoken”; Notes: deponent form with active meaning.
  9. est — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: third person singular present active indicative; Function: auxiliary verb with locutus; Translation: “is”; Notes: completes the perfect tense construction.
  10. Dominus — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject of locutus est; Translation: “the LORD”; Notes: refers to YHWH speaking concerning the well.
  11. ad — Lemma: ad; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: preposition governing the accusative; Function: introduces recipient phrase; Translation: “to”; Notes: marks direction toward the hearer.
  12. Moysen — Lemma: Moyses; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: object of ad; Translation: “Moyses”; Notes: recipient of the divine instruction.
  13. Congrega — Lemma: congrego; Part of Speech: verb; Form: second person singular present active imperative; Function: command verb; Translation: “gather together”; Notes: orders assembly of the people.
  14. populum — Lemma: populus; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular masculine; Function: direct object of Congrega; Translation: “people”; Notes: collectively refers to Israel.
  15. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: coordinating conjunction; Function: joins the command and promise; Translation: “and”; Notes: links gathering with provision.
  16. dabo — Lemma: do; Part of Speech: verb; Form: first person singular future active indicative; Function: main verb of promise clause; Translation: “I will give”; Notes: expresses future divine provision.
  17. ei — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: dative singular; Function: indirect object of dabo; Translation: “to it”; Notes: refers collectively to the assembled people.
  18. aquam — Lemma: aqua; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular feminine; Function: direct object of dabo; Translation: “water”; Notes: the life-sustaining provision promised by the LORD.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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