Numeri 27:1 (Numbers 27:1)

Posted on May 24, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Nm 27:1 Accesserunt autem filiæ Salphaad, filii Hepher, filii Galaad, filii Machir, filii Manasse, qui fuit filius Ioseph: quarum sunt nomina, Maala, et Noa, et Hegla, et Melcha, et Thersa.

Then the daughters of Salphaad, son of Hepher, son of Galaad, son of Machir, son of Manasse, who was the son of Joseph, approached; and these are their names: Maala, and Noa, and Hegla, and Melcha, and Thersa.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Accesserunt approached 3PL.PERF.ACT.IND
2 autem then CONJ
3 filiæ daughters NOM.PL.F
4 Salphaad Zelophehad INDECL
5 filii son GEN.SG.M
6 Hepher Hepher INDECL
7 filii son GEN.SG.M
8 Galaad Gilead INDECL
9 filii son GEN.SG.M
10 Machir Machir INDECL
11 filii son GEN.SG.M
12 Manasse Manasseh GEN.SG.M
13 qui who REL.NOM.SG.M
14 fuit was 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND
15 filius son NOM.SG.M
16 Ioseph Joseph INDECL
17 quarum whose REL.GEN.PL.F
18 sunt are 3PL.PRES.ACT.IND
19 nomina names NOM.PL.N
20 Maala Mahlah INDECL
21 et and CONJ
22 Noa Noah INDECL
23 et and CONJ
24 Hegla Hoglah INDECL
25 et and CONJ
26 Melcha Milcah INDECL
27 et and CONJ
28 Thersa Tirzah INDECL

Syntax

Main Clause: filiæ (subject) + Accesserunt (main verb).

Genealogical Chain: Salphaad filii Hepher filii Galaad filii Machir filii Manasse — successive genitive relationships identifying ancestry.

Relative Clause: qui fuit filius Ioseph — modifies Manasse, identifying him as the son of Joseph.

Naming Clause: quarum sunt nomina — introduces the list of personal names.

Appositional List: Maala et Noa et Hegla et Melcha et Thersa — names standing in apposition to nomina.

Morphology

  1. Accesserunt — Lemma: accedo; Part of Speech: Verb; Form: Perfect Active Indicative 3rd Person Plural; Function: Main verb; Translation: “approached”; Notes: Indicates completed action of coming forward.
  2. autem — Lemma: autem; Part of Speech: Conjunction; Form: Indeclinable; Function: Connective particle; Translation: “then”; Notes: Marks transition to a new narrative element.
  3. filiæ — Lemma: filia; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Nominative Plural Feminine; Function: Subject; Translation: “daughters”; Notes: Refers to female descendants.
  4. Salphaad — Lemma: Salphaad; Part of Speech: Proper Noun; Form: Indeclinable; Function: Genitive relationship reference; Translation: “Salphaad”; Notes: Personal name of the father.
  5. filii — Lemma: filius; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Genitive Singular Masculine; Function: Genealogical link; Translation: “of the son”; Notes: Introduces ancestry.
  6. Hepher — Lemma: Hepher; Part of Speech: Proper Noun; Form: Indeclinable; Function: Genealogical reference; Translation: “Hepher”; Notes: Ancestor in the lineage.
  7. filii — Lemma: filius; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Genitive Singular Masculine; Function: Genealogical link; Translation: “of the son”; Notes: Continues the ancestry chain.
  8. Galaad — Lemma: Galaad; Part of Speech: Proper Noun; Form: Indeclinable; Function: Genealogical reference; Translation: “Galaad”; Notes: Ancestor in the tribe of Manasseh.
  9. filii — Lemma: filius; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Genitive Singular Masculine; Function: Genealogical link; Translation: “of the son”; Notes: Connects successive ancestors.
  10. Machir — Lemma: Machir; Part of Speech: Proper Noun; Form: Indeclinable; Function: Genealogical reference; Translation: “Machir”; Notes: Son of Manasseh in biblical genealogy.
  11. filii — Lemma: filius; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Genitive Singular Masculine; Function: Genealogical link; Translation: “of the son”; Notes: Maintains the lineage structure.
  12. Manasse — Lemma: Manasses; Part of Speech: Proper Noun; Form: Genitive Singular Masculine; Function: Genealogical reference; Translation: “Manasse”; Notes: Tribal ancestor descended from Joseph.
  13. qui — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun; Form: Nominative Singular Masculine; Function: Introduces relative clause; Translation: “who”; Notes: Refers back to Manasse.
  14. fuit — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: Verb; Form: Perfect Active Indicative 3rd Person Singular; Function: Relative clause verb; Translation: “was”; Notes: States historical identity.
  15. filius — Lemma: filius; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Nominative Singular Masculine; Function: Predicate nominative; Translation: “son”; Notes: Complements the verb fuit.
  16. Ioseph — Lemma: Ioseph; Part of Speech: Proper Noun; Form: Indeclinable; Function: Genitive relationship reference; Translation: “Joseph”; Notes: Patriarch of the tribe.
  17. quarum — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun; Form: Genitive Plural Feminine; Function: Possessive relative; Translation: “whose”; Notes: Refers to the daughters.
  18. sunt — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: Verb; Form: Present Active Indicative 3rd Person Plural; Function: Copulative verb; Translation: “are”; Notes: Introduces identification.
  19. nomina — Lemma: nomen; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Nominative Plural Neuter; Function: Predicate nominative; Translation: “names”; Notes: Announces the following list.
  20. Maala — Lemma: Maala; Part of Speech: Proper Noun; Form: Indeclinable; Function: Appositional name; Translation: “Maala”; Notes: First daughter listed.
  21. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: Conjunction; Form: Indeclinable; Function: Coordinator; Translation: “and”; Notes: Joins names in a series.
  22. Noa — Lemma: Noa; Part of Speech: Proper Noun; Form: Indeclinable; Function: Appositional name; Translation: “Noa”; Notes: Second daughter listed.
  23. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: Conjunction; Form: Indeclinable; Function: Coordinator; Translation: “and”; Notes: Links items in the enumeration.
  24. Hegla — Lemma: Hegla; Part of Speech: Proper Noun; Form: Indeclinable; Function: Appositional name; Translation: “Hegla”; Notes: Third daughter listed.
  25. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: Conjunction; Form: Indeclinable; Function: Coordinator; Translation: “and”; Notes: Connects coordinate names.
  26. Melcha — Lemma: Melcha; Part of Speech: Proper Noun; Form: Indeclinable; Function: Appositional name; Translation: “Melcha”; Notes: Fourth daughter listed.
  27. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: Conjunction; Form: Indeclinable; Function: Coordinator; Translation: “and”; Notes: Continues the sequence.
  28. Thersa — Lemma: Thersa; Part of Speech: Proper Noun; Form: Indeclinable; Function: Appositional name; Translation: “Thersa”; Notes: Fifth and final daughter listed.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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