Numeri 29:11 (Numbers 29:11)

Posted on May 26, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Nm 29:11 et hircum pro peccato, absque his quæ offerri pro delicto solent in expiationem, et holocaustum sempiternum, cum sacrificio et libaminibus eorum.

and a goat for sin, besides those things which are customarily offered for transgression as atonement, and the continual burnt offering, with its grain offering and their drink offerings.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 et and CONJ
2 hircum goat ACC.SG.M
3 pro for PREP+ABL
4 peccato sin ABL.SG.N
5 absque besides PREP+ABL
6 his these things ABL.PL.N.DEM
7 quæ which NOM.PL.N.REL
8 offerri to be offered PRES.PASS.INF
9 pro for PREP+ABL
10 delicto transgression ABL.SG.N
11 solent are accustomed 3PL.PRES.ACT.IND
12 in for PREP+ACC
13 expiationem atonement ACC.SG.F
14 et and CONJ
15 holocaustum burnt offering ACC.SG.N
16 sempiternum continual ACC.SG.N
17 cum with PREP+ABL
18 sacrificio grain offering ABL.SG.N
19 et and CONJ
20 libaminibus drink offerings ABL.PL.N
21 eorum their GEN.PL.POSS

Syntax

Elliptical Main Construction: et hircum pro peccato continues the sacrificial list from the preceding verses, with the governing verb understood from context.

Exception Phrase: absque his introduces material that is additional to the offerings already listed.

Relative Clause: quæ offerri pro delicto solent in expiationem modifies his. quæ is the subject, solent is the finite verb, and offerri is its complementary infinitive. pro delicto and in expiationem express purpose and function.

Additional Item: et holocaustum sempiternum adds the continual burnt offering.

Accompaniment Phrase: cum sacrificio et libaminibus eorum specifies the grain offering and drink offerings associated with the continual burnt offering.

Morphology

  1. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: Conjunction; Form: Indeclinable; Function: Connects this item to the preceding sacrificial list; Translation: “and”; Notes: Continues the sequence of offerings.
  2. hircum — Lemma: hircus; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Accusative Singular Masculine; Function: Sacrificial animal in the offering list; Translation: “goat”; Notes: Designated as the sin offering.
  3. pro — Lemma: pro; Part of Speech: Preposition; Form: Governing the Ablative; Function: Introduces purpose or substitution phrase; Translation: “for”; Notes: Indicates the purpose of the offering.
  4. peccato — Lemma: peccatum; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Ablative Singular Neuter; Function: Object of pro; Translation: “sin”; Notes: Specifies the offense addressed by the sacrifice.
  5. absque — Lemma: absque; Part of Speech: Preposition; Form: Governing the Ablative; Function: Introduces an exclusion or addition phrase; Translation: “besides”; Notes: Distinguishes these offerings from other required sacrifices.
  6. his — Lemma: hic; Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun; Form: Ablative Plural Neuter; Function: Object of absque; Translation: “these things”; Notes: Refers to the customary offerings mentioned next.
  7. quæ — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun; Form: Nominative Plural Neuter; Function: Subject of the relative clause; Translation: “which”; Notes: Refers back to his.
  8. offerri — Lemma: offero; Part of Speech: Verb; Form: Present Passive Infinitive; Function: Complementary infinitive with solent; Translation: “to be offered”; Notes: Describes the customary sacrificial action.
  9. pro — Lemma: pro; Part of Speech: Preposition; Form: Governing the Ablative; Function: Introduces purpose phrase; Translation: “for”; Notes: Specifies the reason for the offering.
  10. delicto — Lemma: delictum; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Ablative Singular Neuter; Function: Object of pro; Translation: “transgression”; Notes: Refers to an offense requiring sacrificial remedy.
  11. solent — Lemma: soleo; Part of Speech: Verb; Form: Third Person Plural Present Active Indicative; Function: Main verb of the relative clause; Translation: “are accustomed”; Notes: Expresses a regular or prescribed practice.
  12. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: Preposition; Form: Governing the Accusative; Function: Introduces purpose phrase; Translation: “for”; Notes: Indicates the intended result of the sacrifice.
  13. expiationem — Lemma: expiatio; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Accusative Singular Feminine; Function: Object of in; Translation: “atonement”; Notes: Refers to ritual cleansing and removal of guilt.
  14. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: Conjunction; Form: Indeclinable; Function: Adds another sacrificial item; Translation: “and”; Notes: Connects the continual burnt offering to the list.
  15. holocaustum — Lemma: holocaustum; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Accusative Singular Neuter; Function: Additional sacrificial item; Translation: “burnt offering”; Notes: Refers to the offering wholly consumed upon the altar.
  16. sempiternum — Lemma: sempiternus; Part of Speech: Adjective; Form: Accusative Singular Neuter; Function: Modifies holocaustum; Translation: “continual”; Notes: Indicates the regular daily sacrifice.
  17. cum — Lemma: cum; Part of Speech: Preposition; Form: Governing the Ablative; Function: Introduces accompaniment phrase; Translation: “with”; Notes: Links associated offerings to the burnt offering.
  18. sacrificio — Lemma: sacrificium; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Ablative Singular Neuter; Function: Object of cum; Translation: “grain offering”; Notes: Refers to the cereal offering accompanying the sacrifice.
  19. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: Conjunction; Form: Indeclinable; Function: Connects coordinated objects of cum; Translation: “and”; Notes: Joins the grain offering and drink offerings.
  20. libaminibus — Lemma: libamen; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Ablative Plural Neuter; Function: Object of cum; Translation: “drink offerings”; Notes: Refers to liquid offerings poured out before God.
  21. eorum — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: Possessive Pronoun; Form: Genitive Plural; Function: Possessive modifier of libaminibus; Translation: “their”; Notes: Refers to the offerings associated with the continual burnt offering.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
This entry was posted in Numeri. Bookmark the permalink.

Comments are closed.