Numeri 29:36 (Numbers 29:36)

Posted on May 26, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Nm 26:36 offerentes holocaustum in odorem suavissimum Domino, vitulum unum, arietem unum, agnos anniculos immaculatos septem:

offering a holocaust as a most pleasing aroma to the LORD: one young bull, one ram, and seven spotless yearling lambs;

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 offerentes offering NOM.PL.M.PRES.ACT.PTCP
2 holocaustum burnt offering ACC.SG.N
3 in as PREP+ACC
4 odorem aroma ACC.SG.M
5 suavissimum most pleasing ACC.SG.M.SUPER
6 Domino to the LORD DAT.SG.M
7 vitulum bull ACC.SG.M
8 unum one ACC.SG.M
9 arietem ram ACC.SG.M
10 unum one ACC.SG.M
11 agnos lambs ACC.PL.M
12 anniculos yearling ACC.PL.M
13 immaculatos spotless ACC.PL.M
14 septem seven INDECL

Syntax

Participial Construction: offerentes is a present active participle functioning circumstantially, continuing the instructions to the worshippers.

Direct Object: holocaustum is the object of offerentes.

Purpose Phrase: in odorem suavissimum Domino expresses the sacrificial purpose and acceptance of the offering before the LORD.

Specification of the Offering: vitulum unum, arietem unum, and agnos anniculos immaculatos septem specify the animals comprising the burnt offering.

Morphology

  1. offerentes — Lemma: offero; Part of Speech: Participle; Form: Present Active Participle Nominative Plural Masculine; Function: Circumstantial participle; Translation: “offering”; Notes: Describes the action accompanying the observance of the sacred day.
  2. holocaustum — Lemma: holocaustum; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Accusative Singular Neuter; Function: Direct object of offerentes; Translation: “holocaust”; Notes: Refers to the sacrifice wholly consumed upon the altar.
  3. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: Preposition; Form: Governing the Accusative; Function: Introduces purpose phrase; Translation: “as”; Notes: Indicates the intended result or character of the offering.
  4. odorem — Lemma: odor; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Accusative Singular Masculine; Function: Object of in; Translation: “aroma”; Notes: A common sacrificial expression denoting divine acceptance.
  5. suavissimum — Lemma: suavis; Part of Speech: Adjective; Form: Accusative Singular Masculine Superlative Degree; Function: Modifies odorem; Translation: “most pleasing”; Notes: The superlative emphasizes exceptional acceptability before the LORD.
  6. Domino — Lemma: Dominus; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Dative Singular Masculine; Function: Dative of reference; Translation: “to the LORD”; Notes: Refers to YHWH as the recipient of the sacrifice.
  7. vitulum — Lemma: vitulus; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Accusative Singular Masculine; Function: Appositional specification of the offering; Translation: “bull”; Notes: The principal sacrificial animal listed first.
  8. unum — Lemma: unus; Part of Speech: Numeral Adjective; Form: Accusative Singular Masculine; Function: Modifies vitulum; Translation: “one”; Notes: Specifies the required number of bulls.
  9. arietem — Lemma: aries; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Accusative Singular Masculine; Function: Appositional specification of the offering; Translation: “ram”; Notes: The second sacrificial animal prescribed.
  10. unum — Lemma: unus; Part of Speech: Numeral Adjective; Form: Accusative Singular Masculine; Function: Modifies arietem; Translation: “one”; Notes: Specifies the required number of rams.
  11. agnos — Lemma: agnus; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Accusative Plural Masculine; Function: Appositional specification of the offering; Translation: “lambs”; Notes: Refers to young sheep suitable for sacrifice.
  12. anniculos — Lemma: anniculus; Part of Speech: Adjective; Form: Accusative Plural Masculine; Function: Modifies agnos; Translation: “yearling”; Notes: Indicates that the lambs are one year old.
  13. immaculatos — Lemma: immaculatus; Part of Speech: Adjective; Form: Accusative Plural Masculine; Function: Modifies agnos; Translation: “spotless”; Notes: Denotes freedom from physical defect, a requirement for sacrifice.
  14. septem — Lemma: septem; Part of Speech: Numeral; Form: Indeclinable Cardinal Number; Function: Modifies agnos; Translation: “seven”; Notes: Specifies the required number of lambs.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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