Numeri 28:9 (Numbers 28:9)

Posted on May 25, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Nm 28:9 Die autem sabbati offeretis duos agnos anniculos immaculatos, et duas decimas similæ oleo conspersæ in sacrificio, et liba

But on the Sabbath day you shall offer two unblemished year-old lambs, and two tenths of fine flour mixed with oil as a grain offering, and its drink offerings

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Die on day ABL.SG.M
2 autem however CONJ
3 sabbati of Sabbath GEN.SG.N
4 offeretis you shall offer 2PL.FUT.ACT.IND
5 duos two ACC.PL.M
6 agnos lambs ACC.PL.M
7 anniculos year-old ACC.PL.M
8 immaculatos unblemished ACC.PL.M
9 et and CONJ
10 duas two ACC.PL.F
11 decimas tenths ACC.PL.F
12 similæ of fine flour GEN.SG.F
13 oleo with oil ABL.SG.N
14 conspersæ mixed GEN.SG.F
15 in as PREP+ABL
16 sacrificio sacrifice ABL.SG.N
17 et and CONJ
18 liba drink offerings ACC.PL.N

Syntax

Temporal Phrase: Die autem sabbati — establishes the specific occasion on which these sacrificial requirements apply.

Main Clause: offeretis duos agnos anniculos immaculatos — commands the offering of two year-old lambs without blemish.

Coordinated Object: et duas decimas similæ oleo conspersæ — adds the grain offering consisting of fine flour mixed with oil.

Prepositional Phrase: in sacrificio — identifies the grain offering’s sacrificial role.

Final Object: et liba — adds the accompanying drink offerings.

Sabbath Distinction: The verse introduces additional sacrificial requirements specifically for the Sabbath beyond the regular daily offerings.

Morphology

  1. Die — Lemma: dies; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Ablative Singular Masculine; Function: Ablative of time when; Translation: “on day”; Notes: Indicates the time at which the action occurs.
  2. autem — Lemma: autem; Part of Speech: Conjunction; Form: Indeclinable; Function: Transitional conjunction; Translation: “however”; Notes: Introduces a new category of offerings.
  3. sabbati — Lemma: sabbatum; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Genitive Singular Neuter; Function: Modifies Die; Translation: “of Sabbath”; Notes: Identifies the specific day being discussed.
  4. offeretis — Lemma: offero; Part of Speech: Verb; Form: Future Active Indicative 2nd Person Plural; Function: Main verb; Translation: “you shall offer”; Notes: Commands the presentation of the Sabbath sacrifice.
  5. duos — Lemma: duo; Part of Speech: Numeral; Form: Accusative Plural Masculine; Function: Modifies agnos; Translation: “two”; Notes: Specifies the number of animals.
  6. agnos — Lemma: agnus; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Accusative Plural Masculine; Function: Direct object of offeretis; Translation: “lambs”; Notes: Animals designated for sacrifice.
  7. anniculos — Lemma: anniculus; Part of Speech: Adjective; Form: Accusative Plural Masculine; Function: Modifies agnos; Translation: “year-old”; Notes: Specifies the required age.
  8. immaculatos — Lemma: immaculatus; Part of Speech: Adjective; Form: Accusative Plural Masculine; Function: Modifies agnos; Translation: “unblemished”; Notes: Indicates freedom from defect.
  9. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: Conjunction; Form: Indeclinable; Function: Connects direct objects; Translation: “and”; Notes: Adds the grain offering.
  10. duas — Lemma: duo; Part of Speech: Numeral; Form: Accusative Plural Feminine; Function: Modifies decimas; Translation: “two”; Notes: Specifies the quantity of tenths.
  11. decimas — Lemma: decima; Part of Speech: Numeral Noun; Form: Accusative Plural Feminine; Function: Direct object understood with offeretis; Translation: “tenths”; Notes: Refers to tenths of an ephah.
  12. similæ — Lemma: simila; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Genitive Singular Feminine; Function: Genitive of material; Translation: “of fine flour”; Notes: Specifies the substance of the grain offering.
  13. oleo — Lemma: oleum; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Ablative Singular Neuter; Function: Ablative of means; Translation: “with oil”; Notes: Indicates the ingredient used in mixing.
  14. conspersæ — Lemma: conspergo; Part of Speech: Participle; Form: Perfect Passive Participle Genitive Singular Feminine; Function: Modifies similæ; Translation: “mixed”; Notes: Describes the preparation of the flour.
  15. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: Preposition; Form: Indeclinable preposition governing the ablative; Function: Introduces designation; Translation: “as”; Notes: Indicates sacrificial function.
  16. sacrificio — Lemma: sacrificium; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Ablative Singular Neuter; Function: Object of in; Translation: “sacrifice”; Notes: Refers to the grain offering’s sacrificial role.
  17. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: Conjunction; Form: Indeclinable; Function: Connects sacrificial components; Translation: “and”; Notes: Adds the final element of the offering.
  18. liba — Lemma: libum; Part of Speech: Noun; Form: Accusative Plural Neuter; Function: Direct object understood with offeretis; Translation: “drink offerings”; Notes: Refers to the accompanying libations.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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