Genesis 26:3

Posted on January 26, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Gn 26:3 Et peregrinare in ea, eroque tecum, et benedicam tibi: tibi enim et semini tuo dabo universas regiones has, complens iuramentum quod spopondi Abraham patri tuo.

And sojourn in it, and I will be with you, and will bless you; for to you and to your offspring I will give all these lands, fulfilling the oath which I swore to Abraham your father.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Et and CONJ
2 peregrinare sojourn 2SG.PRES.ACT.IMPV
3 in in PREP+ABL
4 ea it PRON.DEM.ABL.SG.F
5 eroque and I will be 1SG.FUT.ACT.IND
6 tecum with you PREP+PRON.ABL.SG.2PERS
7 et and CONJ
8 benedicam I will bless 1SG.FUT.ACT.IND
9 tibi to you PRON.DAT.SG.2PERS
10 tibi to you PRON.DAT.SG.2PERS
11 enim for CONJ
12 et and CONJ
13 semini to offspring NOUN.DAT.SG.N
14 tuo your PRON.POSS.DAT.SG.N
15 dabo I will give 1SG.FUT.ACT.IND
16 universas all ADJ.ACC.PL.F
17 regiones regions NOUN.ACC.PL.F
18 has these PRON.DEM.ACC.PL.F
19 complens fulfilling PART.PRES.ACT.NOM.SG.M
20 iuramentum oath NOUN.ACC.SG.N
21 quod which REL.PRON.ACC.SG.N
22 spopondi I swore 1SG.PERF.ACT.IND
23 Abraham Abraham PROPN.DAT.SG.M
24 patri to (the) father NOUN.DAT.SG.M
25 tuo your PRON.POSS.DAT.SG.M

Syntax

Command: Et peregrinare in ea — imperative to remain as a sojourner in the land.
Promises: eroque tecum + et benedicam tibi — two coordinated futures (“I will be with you” and “I will bless you”).
Causal/beneficiary focus: tibi tibi enim et semini tuo dabo universas regiones has — double emphasis on the indirect object (“to you”), then inclusion of the descendants.
Participial tail: complens iuramentum quod spopondi Abraham patri tuo — participle expressing divine fulfillment of the oath sworn to Abraham.

Morphology

  1. Et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: links command to prior speech; Translation: “and”; Notes: Narrative connector.
  2. peregrinare — Lemma: peregrinor; Part of Speech: deponent verb; Form: present imperative 2nd singular; Function: direct command; Translation: “sojourn”; Notes: Exhorts continued residence as a foreigner.
  3. in — Lemma: in; Part of Speech: preposition; Form: governs ablative; Function: place where; Translation: “in”; Notes: Sets location.
  4. ea — Lemma: is; Part of Speech: demonstrative pronoun; Form: ablative singular feminine; Function: object of “in”; Translation: “it”; Notes: Refers to the land previously mentioned.
  5. eroque — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb (+ enclitic -que); Form: future active indicative 1st singular; Function: divine promise; Translation: “and I will be”; Notes: Enclitic links tightly with the preceding clause.
  6. tecum — Lemma: cum + tu; Part of Speech: preposition + pronoun; Form: ablative singular; Function: accompaniment; Translation: “with you”; Notes: Assures divine presence.
  7. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: coordination; Translation: “and”; Notes: Links the second promise.
  8. benedicam — Lemma: benedico; Part of Speech: verb; Form: future active indicative 1st singular; Function: main verb of promise; Translation: “I will bless”; Notes: Future assurance.
  9. tibi — Lemma: tu; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: dative singular; Function: indirect object; Translation: “to you”; Notes: Recipient of blessing.
  10. tibi — Lemma: tu; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: dative singular; Function: indirect object (resumed for emphasis); Translation: “to you”; Notes: Repetition heightens focus on Isaac.
  11. enim — Lemma: enim; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: causal connector; Translation: “for”; Notes: Introduces reason for the promises.
  12. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: coordination; Translation: “and”; Notes: Adds the descendants as beneficiaries.
  13. semini — Lemma: semen; Part of Speech: noun; Form: dative singular neuter; Function: indirect object; Translation: “to offspring”; Notes: Collective singular; covenant line.
  14. tuo — Lemma: tuus; Part of Speech: possessive adjective; Form: dative singular neuter; Function: modifier of “semini”; Translation: “your”; Notes: Possession by Isaac.
  15. dabo — Lemma: do; Part of Speech: verb; Form: future active indicative 1st singular; Function: main verb; Translation: “I will give”; Notes: Transfer of land promised.
  16. universas — Lemma: universus; Part of Speech: adjective; Form: accusative plural feminine; Function: modifies “regiones”; Translation: “all”; Notes: Comprehensive scope.
  17. regiones — Lemma: regio; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative plural feminine; Function: direct object of “dabo”; Translation: “regions/lands”; Notes: Inheritance territories.
  18. has — Lemma: hic; Part of Speech: demonstrative pronoun; Form: accusative plural feminine; Function: modifier of “regiones”; Translation: “these”; Notes: Deictic specificity.
  19. complens — Lemma: compleo; Part of Speech: participle; Form: present active nominative singular masculine; Function: circumstantial; Translation: “fulfilling”; Notes: Ongoing covenant fulfillment.
  20. iuramentum — Lemma: iuramentum; Part of Speech: noun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: object of “complens”; Translation: “oath”; Notes: The sworn promise to Abraham.
  21. quod — Lemma: qui; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: accusative singular neuter; Function: object of “spopondi”; Translation: “which.”
  22. spopondi — Lemma: spondeo; Part of Speech: verb; Form: perfect active indicative 1st singular; Function: main verb of relative clause; Translation: “I swore”; Notes: Solemn covenantal oath.
  23. Abraham — Lemma: Abraham; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: dative singular masculine; Function: indirect object; Translation: “to Abraham”; Notes: Patriarchal recipient.
  24. patri — Lemma: pater; Part of Speech: noun; Form: dative singular masculine; Function: in apposition to “Abraham”; Translation: “(to) father”; Notes: Clarifies kinship to Isaac.
  25. tuo — Lemma: tuus; Part of Speech: possessive adjective; Form: dative singular masculine; Function: modifies “patri”; Translation: “your”; Notes: Personalizes the covenant line.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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