Genesis 36:14

Posted on February 5, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Gn 36:14 Isti quoque erant filii Oolibama filiæ Anæ filiæ Sebeon, uxoris Esau, quos genuit ei Iehus et Ihelon et Core.

These also were the sons of Oolibama, the daughter of Ana, the daughter of Sebeon, the wife of Esau, whom she bore to him: Jehus, and Ihelon, and Core.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Isti these PRON.DEM.NOM.PL.M
2 quoque also ADV
3 erant were 3PL.IMP.ACT.IND
4 filii sons NOUN.NOM.PL.M
5 Oolibama of Oholibamah PROP.NOUN.GEN.SG.F
6 filiæ of the daughter NOUN.GEN.SG.F
7 Anæ of Anah PROP.NOUN.GEN.SG.F
8 filiæ of the daughter NOUN.GEN.SG.F
9 Sebeon of Zibeon PROP.NOUN.GEN.SG.M
10 uxoris of the wife NOUN.GEN.SG.F
11 Esau of Esau PROP.NOUN.GEN.SG.M
12 quos whom REL.PRON.ACC.PL.M
13 genuit bore 3SG.PERF.ACT.IND
14 ei to him PRON.DAT.SG.M
15 Iehus Jeush PROP.NOUN.NOM.SG.M
16 et and CONJ
17 Ihelon Jaalam PROP.NOUN.NOM.SG.M
18 et and CONJ
19 Core Korah PROP.NOUN.NOM.SG.M

Syntax

Main Clause: Isti quoque erant filii Oolibama filiæ Anæ filiæ Sebeon, uxoris Esau —
The demonstrative Isti functions as subject; erant as the copula; predicate filii with genitive chain specifying lineage: “These also were the sons of Oholibamah, daughter of Anah, daughter of Zibeon, the wife of Esau.”

Relative Clause: quos genuit ei Iehus et Ihelon et Core —
quos is the relative pronoun referring to filii; genuit is the main verb (“bore”); ei is the indirect object (“to him”), with Iehus, Ihelon, and Core as the direct objects enumerating her sons.

Morphology

  1. Isti — Lemma: iste, ista, istud; Part of Speech: demonstrative pronoun; Form: nominative plural masculine; Function: subject of erant; Translation: “these”; Notes: Refers to the sons of Oholibamah as a distinct genealogical subset.
  2. quoque — Lemma: quoque; Part of Speech: adverb; Form: indeclinable; Function: additive particle; Translation: “also”; Notes: Indicates inclusion with previous genealogical groups.
  3. erant — Lemma: sum; Part of Speech: verb; Form: imperfect active indicative 3rd plural; Function: copula linking Isti with filii; Translation: “were”; Notes: Descriptive imperfect indicating background identification.
  4. filii — Lemma: fīlius; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative plural masculine; Function: predicate nominative; Translation: “sons”; Notes: Defines relationship to Oholibamah.
  5. Oolibama — Lemma: Oolibama; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: genitive singular feminine; Function: genitive of possession modifying filii; Translation: “of Oholibamah”; Notes: Identifies the mother of Esau’s sons.
  6. filiæ — Lemma: fīlia; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular feminine; Function: genitive of descent modifying Oolibama; Translation: “daughter of”; Notes: Establishes her paternal line through Anah.
  7. Anæ — Lemma: Ana; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: genitive singular feminine; Function: dependent genitive with filiæ; Translation: “Anah”; Notes: Intermediate link in her genealogy.
  8. filiæ — Lemma: fīlia; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular feminine; Function: second genitive of descent; Translation: “daughter of”; Notes: Continues genealogical chain to Zibeon.
  9. Sebeon — Lemma: Sebeon; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: dependent genitive; Translation: “Zibeon”; Notes: Establishes the ultimate patriarchal ancestor in the maternal line.
  10. uxoris — Lemma: uxor; Part of Speech: noun; Form: genitive singular feminine; Function: genitive in apposition to Oolibama; Translation: “of the wife”; Notes: Defines her marital relation to Esau.
  11. Esau — Lemma: Esau; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: dependent genitive with uxoris; Translation: “of Esau”; Notes: Connects the maternal line back to Esau’s household.
  12. quos — Lemma: quī, quae, quod; Part of Speech: relative pronoun; Form: accusative plural masculine; Function: direct object of genuit; Translation: “whom”; Notes: Refers back to the sons of Oholibamah.
  13. genuit — Lemma: gignō; Part of Speech: verb; Form: perfect active indicative 3rd singular; Function: main verb of the relative clause; Translation: “bore”; Notes: Genealogical verb introducing offspring.
  14. ei — Lemma: is, ea, id; Part of Speech: pronoun; Form: dative singular masculine; Function: indirect object of genuit; Translation: “to him”; Notes: Refers to Esau as the recipient father.
  15. Iehus — Lemma: Iehus; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: subject complement of the clause; Translation: “Jeush”; Notes: First son of Oholibamah and Esau.
  16. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: connector between coordinate nouns; Translation: “and”; Notes: Joins the names in genealogical sequence.
  17. Ihelon — Lemma: Ihelon; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: coordinate with Iehus; Translation: “Jaalam”; Notes: Second son in the enumeration.
  18. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: joins final name; Translation: “and”; Notes: Standard coordinating conjunction in genealogical lists.
  19. Core — Lemma: Core; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: final coordinate noun; Translation: “Korah”; Notes: Third son, completing the list of Oholibamah’s offspring.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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