Genesis 36:26

Posted on February 5, 2006 by Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Gn 36:26 Et isti filii Dison: Hamdan, et Eseban, et Iethram, et Charan.

And these are the sons of Dison: Hamdan, and Eseban, and Jethram, and Charan.

# Latin Gloss Grammar Tag
1 Et and CONJ
2 isti these PRON.DEM.NOM.PL.M
3 filii sons NOUN.NOM.PL.M
4 Dison of Dishon PROP.NOUN.GEN.SG.M
5 Hamdan Hemdan PROP.NOUN.NOM.SG.M
6 et and CONJ
7 Eseban Eshban PROP.NOUN.NOM.SG.M
8 et and CONJ
9 Iethram Ithran PROP.NOUN.NOM.SG.M
10 et and CONJ
11 Charan Cheran PROP.NOUN.NOM.SG.M

Syntax

Main Clause: Et isti filii Dison —
The conjunction Et introduces a new genealogical statement. isti serves as the demonstrative subject (“these”), filii as the predicate nominative (“are sons”), and Dison as the genitive of possession (“of Dishon”).

Appositive List: Hamdan, et Eseban, et Iethram, et Charan —
A coordinated list of four nominative proper nouns enumerating the sons of Dishon, linked by repeated et (polysyndeton) for stylistic rhythm and completeness.

Morphology

  1. Et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: connects this genealogical statement to the preceding one; Translation: “and”; Notes: Used to continue the lineage narrative seamlessly.
  2. isti — Lemma: iste, ista, istud; Part of Speech: demonstrative pronoun; Form: nominative plural masculine; Function: subject of implied sunt; Translation: “these”; Notes: Refers to the persons being listed below.
  3. filii — Lemma: fīlius; Part of Speech: noun; Form: nominative plural masculine; Function: predicate nominative; Translation: “sons”; Notes: Indicates the male descendants of the person named in genitive case.
  4. Dison — Lemma: Dison; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: genitive singular masculine; Function: genitive of possession; Translation: “of Dishon”; Notes: Identifies Dishon as the father of the named individuals.
  5. Hamdan — Lemma: Hamdan; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: appositive to filii; Translation: “Hamdan”; Notes: First son in the list; names are transliterated directly from Hebrew genealogical tradition.
  6. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: coordinates nouns; Translation: “and”; Notes: Maintains uniform structure of the list (polysyndetic coordination).
  7. Eseban — Lemma: Eseban; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: appositive; Translation: “Eshban”; Notes: Second son; name also rendered as Esban in variant texts.
  8. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: coordinates elements; Translation: “and”; Notes: Consistent narrative connective device in genealogical listings.
  9. Iethram — Lemma: Iethram; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: appositive; Translation: “Ithran”; Notes: Third name in the list, parallel to preceding nouns.
  10. et — Lemma: et; Part of Speech: conjunction; Form: indeclinable; Function: connects final item; Translation: “and”; Notes: Indicates last member of enumerated sequence.
  11. Charan — Lemma: Charan; Part of Speech: proper noun; Form: nominative singular masculine; Function: appositive to filii; Translation: “Cheran”; Notes: Final son listed; completes the genealogical record of Dishon’s offspring.

 

About Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus

Born around 346 A.D. in Stridon, St. Jerome was a scholar fluent in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew whose ascetic discipline and deep engagement with Scripture prepared him for a monumental task: translating the Bible into Latin. Commissioned by Pope Damasus I around 382 A.D., Jerome began by revising the flawed Old Latin Gospels, then expanded his work to the entire Bible. For the New Testament, he corrected Latin texts using Greek manuscripts; for the Old Testament, he translated most books directly from Hebrew—a controversial but principled choice. His final Psalter, however, followed the Greek Septuagint tradition for liturgical use. This composite translation, later known as the Vulgate (editio vulgata), became the authoritative biblical text of the Western Church, formally endorsed at the Council of Trent in 1546. The Vulgate’s influence extends beyond theology into textual criticism and Latin education. As one of the earliest translations grounded in original-language scholarship, it offers a vital witness to the state of biblical texts in late antiquity. Jerome’s lexical and syntactic decisions are studied to trace manuscript history and assess variant readings. Its elegant Latin, consistent in grammar and rich in vocabulary, became a model for medieval and Renaissance learning, bridging classical and ecclesiastical Latin. More than a translation, the Vulgate helped define Christian doctrine, preserved the Latin language, and laid essential groundwork for the critical study of Scripture—remaining indispensable to students of Latin, theology, and textual history.
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